Q: Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating the atomic mass of an atom?

$$\text{Atomic mass} = \text{Number of protons} + \text{Number of neutrons}$$

Question 1

Which property of water is primarily responsible for the ability of plants to transport water from their roots to their leaves through xylem tubes?

Accepted Answer

Cohesion between water molecules

Question 2

A solution has a pH of 2. Another solution has a pH of 5. How many times greater is the concentration of hydrogen ions ($$[H^+]) in $$the first solution compared to the second?

Accepted Answer

$$10^3$$ times greater

Question 3

Which of the following best explains why ice floats on liquid water?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds in ice form a lattice that spaces molecules farther apart

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a trace element required by humans?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen

Question 5

What type of chemical bond is formed when one atom donates an electron to another atom, resulting in oppositely charged ions that attract each other?

Accepted Answer

Ionic bond

Question 6

Which of the following statements about water's high specific heat is correct?

Accepted Answer

It enables organisms to maintain stable internal temperatures

Question 7

A buffer system in blood helps maintain pH by which of the following mechanisms?

Accepted Answer

Donating or accepting $$H^+$$ ions as needed

Question 8

Which of the following best describes an isotope?

Accepted Answer

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons

Question 9

Which property of water allows insects like water striders to walk on its surface?

Accepted Answer

Water molecules at the surface form fewer hydrogen bonds, creating surface tension

Question 10

Which of the following equations correctly represents the dissociation of water?

Accepted Answer

$$H_2O \rightarrow H^+ + OH^-$$

Question 11

Which of the following is true about covalent bonds?

Accepted Answer

They are formed when atoms share pairs of electrons

Question 12

If a neutral atom loses an electron, what is the resulting charge of the atom?

Accepted Answer

Positive

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the term 'element'?

Accepted Answer

A substance that cannot be broken down by chemical means

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating the atomic mass of an atom?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Atomic mass} = 	ext{Number of protons} + 	ext{Number of neutrons}$$

Question 15

Which of the following statements about hydrogen bonds is correct?

Accepted Answer

They occur between a hydrogen atom and a highly electronegative atom

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why water is considered the 'universal solvent'?

Accepted Answer

Water can dissolve more substances than any other liquid due to its polarity

Question 17

Which of the following is a consequence of water's high heat of vaporization for living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Sweating cools organisms efficiently because evaporation requires a lot of energy

Question 18

Which of the following best describes a polar covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

Electrons are shared unequally, resulting in partial charges

Question 19

Which of the following is true about the pH scale?

Accepted Answer

A solution with pH 3 has 100 times more $$H^+$$ ions than a solution with pH 5

Question 20

Which of the following is a real-world application of radioactive isotopes?

Accepted Answer

Carbon dating of fossils

Chapter 2: Chemical Context of Life – General Biology Study Notes

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