Question 1

Which property of water allows insects like water striders to walk on its surface without sinking?

Accepted Answer

Surface tension due to hydrogen bonding

Question 2

What type of bond forms between the hydrogen and oxygen atoms within a single water molecule?

Accepted Answer

Covalent bond

Question 3

Why is water considered a polar molecule?

Accepted Answer

Because there is a difference in electronegativity between oxygen and hydrogen

Question 4

Which property of water is most important for the transport of water from roots to leaves in plants?

Accepted Answer

Cohesion and adhesion

Question 5

What happens to hydrogen bonds in water when heat is absorbed?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds break

Question 6

Which equation correctly represents the dissociation of water?

Accepted Answer

$$H_2O \rightarrow H^+ + OH^-$$

Question 7

Why is ice less dense than liquid water?

Accepted Answer

Because stable hydrogen bonds in ice create an open lattice structure

Question 8

Which property of water helps moderate Earth's climate by absorbing and releasing heat slowly?

Accepted Answer

High specific heat

Question 9

A solution has a pH of 4. What is the concentration of hydrogen ions $$[H^+] in $$this solution?

Accepted Answer

$$1 	imes 10$$^{-4}$$ M

Question 10

Which statement best explains why water is called the 'universal solvent'?

Accepted Answer

Water is polar and can dissolve many ionic and polar substances

Question 11

Which process describes the movement of water up a plant stem against gravity, involving both cohesion and adhesion?

Accepted Answer

Capillary action

Question 12

If a buffer is added to a solution, what is its primary effect?

Accepted Answer

It minimizes changes in pH

Question 13

Which of the following is the root cause of ocean acidification?

Accepted Answer

Increased absorption of $$CO_2$$ from the atmosphere

Question 14

How does ocean acidification impact marine organisms such as corals and shellfish?

Accepted Answer

It decreases the pH, making it harder for organisms to build shells

Question 15

Which of the following is a solution to combat ocean acidification?

Accepted Answer

Reducing $$CO_2$$ emissions

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the relationship between heat and hydrogen bonds in water?

Accepted Answer

Heat absorbed breaks hydrogen bonds; heat released forms hydrogen bonds

Question 17

A student adds NaOH to water. What effect does this have on the concentration of $$OH^-$$ ions?

Accepted Answer

It increases $$OH^-$$ concentration

Question 18

Which property of water explains why sweating cools the body?

Accepted Answer

Evaporative cooling due to the loss of high-energy molecules

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why water can climb up a narrow tube against gravity?

Accepted Answer

Cohesion and adhesion working together (capillary action)

Question 20

If the concentration of $$H^+$$ ions in a solution is $$1 	imes 10$$^{-7}$$ M, what is the pH of the solution?

Accepted Answer

$$7$$

Chapter 2 second half

Study Guide - Practice Questions