Question 1

Which of the following is a key trait found in all land plants but absent in charophyte algae?

Accepted Answer

Multicellular, dependent embryos

Question 2

What is the primary evolutionary advantage of walled spores produced in sporangia for land plants?

Accepted Answer

They enable spores to survive without drying out.

Question 3

Which adaptation allowed early plants to overcome the challenge of drying out on land?

Accepted Answer

Presence of stomata and cuticle

Question 4

In the alternation of generations, which generation produces haploid gametes by mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Gametophyte

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the mutualistic relationship between fungi and plant roots?

Accepted Answer

Fungi absorb nutrients from the environment and share them with plants.

Question 6

Which type of mycorrhizal fungi forms hyphae that extend into the root and remain separate from the plant’s cytoplasm?

Accepted Answer

Arbuscular mycorrhizae

Question 7

Plants can be grouped based on the presence or absence of vascular tissue. What are nonvascular plants called?

Accepted Answer

Bryophytes

Question 8

Which of the following is a major adaptation that allowed seedless vascular plants to grow tall on land?

Accepted Answer

Well-developed roots and leaves

Question 9

In seed plants, what is the benefit of reduced gametophytes?

Accepted Answer

Gametophytes are protected within tissues of the parent sporophyte.

Question 10

Which structure in seed plants consists of an egg-producing organ surrounded by protective tissue?

Accepted Answer

Ovule

Question 11

What is the main function of the cuticle in land plants?

Accepted Answer

Prevents water loss from the epidermis

Question 12

Which of the following is true about bryophytes?

Accepted Answer

They are typically found in moist habitats.

Question 13

In seedless vascular plants, which generation is dominant?

Accepted Answer

Sporophyte

Question 14

Which tissue conducts water and minerals through tube-shaped cells in vascular plants?

Accepted Answer

Xylem

Question 15

What evolutionary advantage do seeds have over spores?

Accepted Answer

Seeds can remain dormant and have their own food supply.

Question 16

Which of the following is a key adaptation of angiosperms for life on dry land?

Accepted Answer

Development of flowers and fruits

Question 17

Which equation best represents the alternation of generations in land plants?

Accepted Answer

$$2n \rightarrow n \rightarrow 2n$$

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a function of roots in vascular plants?

Accepted Answer

Producing seeds

Question 19

Which adaptation in seed plants reduces the requirement for water during fertilization?

Accepted Answer

Production of pollen grains

Question 20

Which of the following statements about the evolution of land plants is correct?

Accepted Answer

Plants evolved from photosynthetic algae.

Chapter 26 – The Colonization of Land: Plant Evolution and Adaptations

Study Guide - Practice Questions