Question 1

Which property of carbon most directly contributes to the molecular diversity of life?

Accepted Answer

Its ability to form four covalent bonds with other atoms

Question 2

Which of the following best explains why spider silk is both strong and resilient?

Accepted Answer

Spider silk proteins are determined by the spider's DNA sequence

Question 3

Which functional group is characteristic of alcohols and is hydrophilic?

Accepted Answer

Hydroxyl group ($$-OH)$$

Question 4

A molecule with the formula $$C_6H_{12}O_6$ is most likely a:

Accepted Answer

Monosaccharide

Question 5

Which process is responsible for linking monomers together to form polymers in cells?

Accepted Answer

Dehydration synthesis

Question 6

What is the main difference between starch and cellulose?

Accepted Answer

Starch has alpha linkages, while cellulose has beta linkages

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Energy storage

Question 8

A triglyceride is composed of:

Accepted Answer

One glycerol molecule and three fatty acids

Question 9

Which reaction must occur for the protein in cheese to be broken down into amino acids in your digestive system?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis

Question 10

Which of the following statements about DNA is correct?

Accepted Answer

DNA contains the bases adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine

Question 11

Trans fats are formed by:

Accepted Answer

Adding hydrogen to unsaturated fats

Question 12

Which of the following is a real-world consequence of consuming excessive added sugars?

Accepted Answer

Increased risk of adverse health effects such as obesity and diabetes

Question 13

Which chemical group acts as an acid by donating a hydrogen ion?

Accepted Answer

Carboxyl group ($$-COOH)$$

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the relationship between DNA and proteins?

Accepted Answer

DNA contains the instructions for the amino acid sequence of proteins

Question 15

Which level of protein structure is directly determined by the sequence of amino acids?

Accepted Answer

Primary structure

Question 16

What is the main structural difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

Unsaturated fatty acids contain one or more double bonds, saturated do not

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a polymer?

Accepted Answer

Glucose

Question 18

Which process is used by cells to break down polymers into monomers?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis

Question 19

Which of the following is a function of phospholipids in cells?

Accepted Answer

Forming cell membranes

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why proteins lose their function when denatured?

Accepted Answer

Denaturation disrupts the protein's specific three-dimensional shape

Chapter 3: The Molecules of Cells – Structure and Function of Biological Macromolecules

Study Guide - Practice Questions