Question 1

Which of the following correctly distinguishes between monocots and eudicots in terms of their vascular tissue arrangement in stems?

Accepted Answer

Monocots have vascular bundles scattered throughout the stem, while eudicots have vascular bundles arranged in a ring.

Question 2

A botanist observes a plant with a single large, central root and several smaller lateral roots. Which type of root system is this, and what is a common example?

Accepted Answer

Taproot system; common in carrots ($$Daucus\ carota)$$

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the function of root hairs?

Accepted Answer

They increase the surface area of roots for water and mineral absorption.

Question 4

Apical dominance in plants is primarily controlled by which plant hormone, and what is its main effect?

Accepted Answer

Auxin; it inhibits the growth of lateral buds, promoting upward growth.

Question 5

Which of the following is a correct match between a modified plant structure and its example?

Accepted Answer

Stolon – strawberry ($$Fragaria)$$

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the three main tissue systems in plants?

Accepted Answer

Dermal, vascular, and ground tissue systems

Question 7

Which three unique structures are found in most plant cells but not in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Cell wall, central vacuole, chloroplast

Question 8

A plant cell type that is alive at maturity, has thin primary walls, and functions in photosynthesis and storage is called:

Accepted Answer

Parenchyma cell

Question 9

Which of the following best distinguishes between indeterminate and determinate growth in plants?

Accepted Answer

Indeterminate growth allows plants to grow throughout their life, while determinate growth stops after reaching a certain size.

Question 10

Which of the following correctly matches a plant's life cycle with its definition?

Accepted Answer

Biennial: completes its life cycle in two years

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a function of the apical meristem?

Accepted Answer

Increasing the thickness of stems and roots

Question 12

Which two lateral meristems are responsible for secondary growth in woody plants, and what does each produce?

Accepted Answer

Vascular cambium (produces secondary xylem and phloem) and cork cambium (produces cork)

Question 13

A tree is observed to be hollow in the center but still alive and growing. Which explanation best accounts for this phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

The living tissues responsible for growth and transport are located in the outer layers of the trunk.

Question 14

Which part of a flower is responsible for producing pollen grains?

Accepted Answer

Anther

Question 15

Double fertilization in angiosperms results in the formation of which two structures?

Accepted Answer

A diploid zygote and a triploid endosperm

Question 16

Which of the following best explains the significance of seed dormancy in plants?

Accepted Answer

It allows seeds to delay germination until environmental conditions are favorable.

Question 17

Which of the following statements about fruit is correct?

Accepted Answer

Fruits develop from the ovary of a flower and aid in seed dispersal.

Question 18

During germination, which structure emerges first from a bean seed, and what is its primary function?

Accepted Answer

Radicle; absorbs water and anchors the seedling

Question 19

A student is examining a cross-section of a young eudicot root. Which tissue is found at the very center?

Accepted Answer

Vascular tissue (xylem and phloem)

Question 20

A plant physiologist is studying the difference in tree ring thickness in a temperate forest. Which environmental factor most directly causes variation in tree ring thickness?

Accepted Answer

Availability of water during the growing season

Chapter 31 Bio Lec Review

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