$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\mathrm{O_2$} \rightarrow 6\mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\mathrm{H_2O} + \text{energy}$$

Question 1

Which of the following is a key difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells have their DNA enclosed in a nucleus, while prokaryotic cells have their DNA in the nucleoid region.

Question 2

What is the primary function of mitochondria in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

ATP production through cellular respiration

Question 3

Which organelle is responsible for synthesizing proteins in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Question 4

Which structure in the cell is most directly involved in the manufacture of lipids and detoxification of drugs?

Accepted Answer

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Question 5

What is the main function of the lysosome in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Digestion and recycling of cellular waste

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the role of the Golgi apparatus?

Accepted Answer

It modifies, sorts, and ships proteins and lipids.

Question 7

Which organelle is found only in plant cells and not in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Chloroplast

Question 8

What is the main site of photosynthesis in plant cells?

Accepted Answer

Chloroplast

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a component of the cytoskeleton?

Accepted Answer

Endoplasmic reticulum

Question 10

Which organelle contains its own DNA and is thought to have originated from an endosymbiotic event?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria

Question 11

A scientist observes a cell with a large central vacuole, a cell wall, and chloroplasts. What type of cell is this most likely to be?

Accepted Answer

Plant cell

Question 12

Which of the following junctions in animal cells is most similar in function to plasmodesmata in plant cells?

Accepted Answer

Gap junctions

Question 13

Which part of the endomembrane system is primarily responsible for packaging and shipping proteins to their final destinations?

Accepted Answer

Golgi apparatus

Question 14

If a mutation prevents the formation of tight junctions in intestinal cells, which of the following is most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

Substances will leak between cells, compromising the barrier function.

Question 15

Which equation best represents the process of cellular respiration occurring in mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\mathrm{O_2$} ightarrow 6\mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\mathrm{H_2O} + 	ext{energy}$$

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the function of ribosomes?

Accepted Answer

They assemble amino acids into polypeptides.

Question 17

Which of the following is a similarity shared by mitochondria, chloroplasts, and some bacteria?

Accepted Answer

They all contain circular DNA.

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a function of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Synthesizing ATP

Question 19

A cell is observed to have a large number of rough endoplasmic reticulum. What is the most likely function of this cell?

Accepted Answer

Protein secretion

Question 20

Which type of junction in animal cells acts like Velcro, anchoring cells together?

Accepted Answer

Desmosomes

Chapter 6: A Tour of the Cell – Structured Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions