Q: Which of the following equations correctly represents the overall process of photosynthesis?

$$6 \text{CO}_2 + 6 \text{H}_2\text{O} + \text{light energy} \rightarrow \text{C}_6\text{H}_{12}\text{O}_6 + 6 \text{O}_2$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes a photoautotroph?

Accepted Answer

An organism that uses light energy to synthesize organic compounds from inorganic substances.

Question 2

Which of the following equations correctly represents the overall process of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

$$6 	ext{CO}_2 + 6 	ext{H}_2	ext{O} + 	ext{light energy} ightarrow 	ext{C}_6	ext{H}_{12}	ext{O}_6 + 6 	ext{O}_2$$

Question 3

Which statement correctly compares photosynthesis and cellular respiration in terms of energy?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis is an endergonic process, while cellular respiration is exergonic.

Question 4

Which of the following is the primary photosynthetic pigment in plants, and what is its main absorption characteristic?

Accepted Answer

Chlorophyll a; absorbs mainly blue-violet and red light.

Question 5

In the summary equation of photosynthesis, which reactant is reduced and which is oxidized?

Accepted Answer

CO$$_2 is $$reduced; H$$_2O is $$oxidized.

Question 6

Which component of the chloroplast is the site of the Calvin cycle?

Accepted Answer

Stroma

Question 7

What is the role of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

It uses light energy to add a phosphate group to ADP, forming ATP.

Question 8

Which of the following best describes chemiosmosis in the context of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

The movement of protons down their concentration gradient through ATP synthase to generate ATP.

Question 9

How are the light reactions and the Calvin cycle functionally related?

Accepted Answer

The light reactions produce ATP and NADPH, which are used in the Calvin cycle.

Question 10

Which of the following statements about the electromagnetic spectrum is correct?

Accepted Answer

Shorter wavelengths have higher energy than longer wavelengths.

Question 11

Which process occurs in the thylakoid membrane and results in the production of NADPH?

Accepted Answer

The light reactions

Question 12

What is the main function of carbon fixation in the Calvin cycle?

Accepted Answer

Incorporating inorganic CO$$_2$$ into organic molecules.

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why photoautotrophs are essential to the biosphere?

Accepted Answer

They convert solar energy into chemical energy, providing food and oxygen for other organisms.

Question 14

Which of the following correctly traces the path of electrons during the light reactions of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Water $$\rightarrow$$ Photosystem II $$\rightarrow$$ Electron Transport Chain $$\rightarrow$$ Photosystem I $$\rightarrow$$ NADP^+$

Question 15

Which enzyme is responsible for catalyzing the first step of carbon fixation in the Calvin cycle?

Accepted Answer

Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO)

Question 16

Which of the following statements best describes the difference between photophosphorylation in photosynthesis and oxidative phosphorylation in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Photophosphorylation uses light energy to generate ATP, while oxidative phosphorylation uses energy from the oxidation of organic molecules.

Question 17

A plant is exposed to only green light. What is the most likely effect on the rate of photosynthesis, and why?

Accepted Answer

The rate will decrease because chlorophyll a reflects green light.

Question 18

Which of the following is a product of the light reactions and a reactant in the Calvin cycle?

Accepted Answer

NADPH

Question 19

During photolysis in the light reactions, what is the fate of the electrons released from water?

Accepted Answer

They replace electrons lost by chlorophyll in Photosystem II.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the relationship between grana and thylakoids in the chloroplast?

Accepted Answer

Grana are stacks of thylakoids where the light reactions occur.

Chapter 7: Photosynthesis – Study Guide and Key Concepts

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