Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main outcome of mitotic cell division in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

It produces two genetically identical daughter cells.

Question 2

During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?

Accepted Answer

S phase

Question 3

A human somatic cell contains 46 chromosomes. How many chromosomes will each daughter cell have after mitosis?

Accepted Answer

46

Question 4

Which of the following structures is responsible for holding sister chromatids together?

Accepted Answer

Centromere

Question 5

What is the primary function of the mitotic spindle during mitosis?

Accepted Answer

To separate sister chromatids

Question 6

Which checkpoint in the cell cycle ensures that all chromosomes are properly attached to the spindle before anaphase begins?

Accepted Answer

M checkpoint

Question 7

A researcher observes a cell with two centrosomes and chromosomes aligned at the metaphase plate. Which phase is the cell in?

Accepted Answer

Metaphase

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why cancer cells can form tumors?

Accepted Answer

They lack anchorage dependence and ignore cell cycle checkpoints.

Question 9

In animal cells, cytokinesis is accomplished by the formation of which structure?

Accepted Answer

Cleavage furrow

Question 10

Which of the following statements about the G$$_0$$ phase is correct?

Accepted Answer

Cells in G$$_0$$ have exited the cell cycle and do not divide.

Question 11

A chicken has 78 chromosomes in its somatic cells. How many chromosomes are present in each of its gametes?

Accepted Answer

39

Question 12

Which of the following is a key difference between mitosis and cytokinesis?

Accepted Answer

Mitosis divides the nucleus, cytokinesis divides the cytoplasm.

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the role of cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks) in the cell cycle?

Accepted Answer

They regulate progression through cell cycle checkpoints.

Question 14

Which event occurs during prophase of mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Chromatin condenses into visible chromosomes.

Question 15

If a cell fails to attach all chromosomes to spindle fibers during metaphase, what is the most likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

The cell cycle will halt at the M checkpoint until the problem is fixed.

Question 16

Which of the following is true about binary fission in prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

It results in two genetically identical cells.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes metastasis?

Accepted Answer

The process by which cancer cells spread to distant sites in the body.

Question 18

Which of the following is a function of the kinetochore during mitosis?

Accepted Answer

It attaches spindle microtubules to chromosomes.

Question 19

Which of the following treatments works by damaging the DNA of rapidly dividing cells to prevent their replication?

Accepted Answer

Radiation therapy

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why density-dependent inhibition is important for normal cells?

Accepted Answer

It prevents cells from dividing when they are crowded.

Chapter 9: The Cell Cycle – Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions