Question 1

Which of the following best describes a dehydration synthesis reaction?

Accepted Answer

A reaction in which two monomers are joined together by removing a molecule of water.

Question 2

Which equation correctly represents the change in free energy ($$\Delta G) $$for an exergonic reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$\Delta G \u003c 0$$

Question 3

A patient is given a drug that binds to the active site of an enzyme, preventing substrate binding. What type of inhibition is this?

Accepted Answer

Competitive inhibition

Question 4

Which of the following is a characteristic of enzymes?

Accepted Answer

They lower the activation energy of reactions.

Question 5

Which scenario best illustrates an anabolic pathway?

Accepted Answer

The synthesis of proteins from amino acids.

Question 6

What happens to enzyme activity when the temperature is increased beyond the enzyme's optimal range?

Accepted Answer

Enzyme activity decreases due to denaturation.

Question 7

Which of the following best describes hydrolysis?

Accepted Answer

A reaction that breaks a bond in a polymer by adding water.

Question 8

If an enzyme is denatured, which of the following is most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

The enzyme will lose its specific shape and function.

Question 9

Which of the following is true about the interaction between an enzyme and its substrate?

Accepted Answer

The enzyme binds specifically to its substrate at the active site.

Question 10

Which environmental variable can affect enzyme activity by altering the enzyme's structure?

Accepted Answer

pH and temperature

Question 11

Which of the following is an example of a catabolic reaction?

Accepted Answer

The breakdown of triglycerides into fatty acids and glycerol.

Question 12

How does an enzyme affect the activation energy ($$E_a) of a $$reaction?

Accepted Answer

It decreases $$E_a$$, allowing the reaction to proceed more easily.

Question 13

Which of the following best describes a noncompetitive (allosteric) inhibitor?

Accepted Answer

It binds to a site other than the active site, changing the enzyme's shape.

Question 14

A reaction in which energy is absorbed from the surroundings is best described as:

Accepted Answer

Endergonic (endothermic)

Question 15

Which of the following would most likely increase the rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction, assuming all other factors are optimal?

Accepted Answer

Increasing enzyme concentration

Question 16

Which statement about enzyme specificity is correct?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes are specific to their substrates due to the shape of their active site.

Question 17

A scientist measures the rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction at different substrate concentrations. Which graph would best represent the relationship between substrate concentration and reaction rate?

Accepted Answer

A curve that increases and then levels off as substrate concentration increases.

Question 18

Which of the following is true about the role of enzymes in metabolic pathways?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes speed up reactions by lowering activation energy.

Question 19

Which of the following would most likely cause an enzyme to become denatured?

Accepted Answer

A drastic change in pH.

Question 20

Which of the following is a real-world example of an exergonic reaction?

Accepted Answer

Cellular respiration in humans

Chemical Reactions and Enzyme Function in Biological Systems

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