Question 1

Which of the following best explains why linked genes do not follow Mendel's law of independent assortment?

Accepted Answer

Linked genes are located close together on the same chromosome and tend to be inherited together during meiosis.

Question 2

A geneticist is studying two traits in peas: seed color and seed shape. If the genes for these traits are located on the same chromosome and are close together, what phenotypic ratio would you expect in the F2 generation from a dihybrid cross (AaBb x AaBb)?

Accepted Answer

More parental-type offspring than recombinant-type offspring

Question 3

Which of the following statements about sex-linked genes is correct?

Accepted Answer

Sex-linked genes are found on either the X or Y chromosome, but most are on the X chromosome.

Question 4

A woman who is a carrier for a sex-linked recessive trait (X$$^NX$^n) $$and a man who is unaffected (X$$^NY) $$have a son. What is the probability that their son will express the trait?

Accepted Answer

$$50\%$$

Question 5

Which component of a nucleotide is responsible for the negative charge of DNA?

Accepted Answer

The phosphate group

Question 6

If a DNA molecule is composed of $$20\%$$ adenine, what percentage of the molecule is cytosine?

Accepted Answer

$$30\%$$

Question 7

Which enzyme is responsible for connecting nucleotides during DNA replication?

Accepted Answer

DNA polymerase

Question 8

Why is DNA called 'deoxyribonucleic acid'?

Accepted Answer

Because it contains deoxyribose sugar, which lacks an oxygen atom compared to ribose

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the sugar-phosphate backbone of nucleic acids?

Accepted Answer

It is formed by covalent bonds between the sugar of one nucleotide and the phosphate of the next.

Question 10

A male fruit fly with white eyes (an X-linked recessive trait) is crossed with a female with red eyes who is heterozygous for the trait. What percentage of their female offspring will be carriers?

Accepted Answer

$$50\%$$

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a nitrogenous base found in DNA?

Accepted Answer

Uracil

Question 12

During DNA replication, what is the role of complementary base pairing?

Accepted Answer

It allows each DNA strand to serve as a template for the synthesis of a new complementary strand.

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why males cannot be carriers of X-linked traits?

Accepted Answer

Males have only one X chromosome, so they either express the trait or do not have the allele.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the result of DNA replication?

Accepted Answer

Two DNA molecules, each consisting of one old and one new strand

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct complementary base pair in DNA?

Accepted Answer

Adenine - Thymine

Question 16

Which of the following statements about RNA is correct?

Accepted Answer

RNA contains the base uracil instead of thymine.

Question 17

A color-blind woman (X$$^cX$^c) $$marries a man with normal vision (X$$^CY). $$What is the probability that their sons will be color-blind?

Accepted Answer

$$100\%$$

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the law of independent assortment?

Accepted Answer

Alleles of different genes assort independently of one another during gamete formation if they are on different chromosomes.

Question 19

Which of the following is a real-world example of a sex-linked recessive disorder?

Accepted Answer

Color blindness

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why hydrogen bonds are important in the structure of DNA?

Accepted Answer

They hold the two strands of DNA together by connecting complementary bases.

Chromosome Theory of Inheritance, Sex-Linked Genes, and Nucleic Acids

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