Question 1

Which of the following best illustrates the property of homeostasis in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

A human sweating to cool down when body temperature rises.

Question 2

A scientist wants to test the effect of a new fertilizer on plant growth. She sets up two groups: one receives the fertilizer, and the other does not. Which is the manipulated (independent) variable in this experiment?

Accepted Answer

The presence or absence of fertilizer.

Question 3

Which property of water allows for the movement of water from the roots to the leaves in plants during transpiration?

Accepted Answer

Cohesion and adhesion

Question 4

Which of the following is an example of dehydration synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Linking amino acids together to form a protein, releasing water.

Question 5

Which organelle is responsible for producing ATP through cellular respiration in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrion

Question 6

A red blood cell is placed in a solution and swells until it bursts. Which type of solution was the cell placed in?

Accepted Answer

Hypotonic

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the role of enzymes in biological reactions?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes lower the activation energy, speeding up reactions.

Question 8

Which of the following equations correctly represents cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C}_6\mathrm{H}_{12}\mathrm{O}_6 + 6\ \mathrm{O}_2 ightarrow 6\ \mathrm{CO}_2 + 6\ \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} + 	ext{ATP}$$

Question 9

During which stage of cellular respiration is the majority of ATP produced?

Accepted Answer

Electron Transport Chain (ETC)

Question 10

Which process increases genetic variation during meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Crossing over between homologous chromosomes

Question 11

A woman with blood type AB and a man with blood type O have a child. What are the possible blood types for their child?

Accepted Answer

A or B

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the difference between DNA and RNA?

Accepted Answer

DNA contains deoxyribose sugar, while RNA contains ribose sugar.

Question 13

If the frequency of the dominant allele ($$p) in a $$population is 0.7, what is the expected frequency of heterozygotes ($$2pq) $$under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

Accepted Answer

$$0.42$$

Question 14

Which of the following is an example of stabilizing selection?

Accepted Answer

A population of plants where intermediate height is favored over very short or very tall plants.

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the function of restriction enzymes in biotechnology?

Accepted Answer

They cut DNA at specific sequences.

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct pathway of blood flow through the human heart and body?

Accepted Answer

Right atrium → right ventricle → pulmonary artery → lungs → left atrium → left ventricle → aorta → body

Question 17

Which plant hormone is primarily responsible for phototropism, causing stems to bend toward light?

Accepted Answer

Auxin

Question 18

In a food web, if only 10% of energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next, how much energy is available to secondary consumers if producers have 10,000 kcal?

Accepted Answer

$$100\ 	ext{kcal}$$

Question 19

Which of the following is an example of a negative feedback loop in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Shivering to increase body temperature when cold.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the function of the xylem in plants?

Accepted Answer

Transports water and minerals from roots to shoots

Comprehensive Biology Honors Final Exam Study Guide

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