Question 1

A woman who is a carrier for color blindness (an X-linked recessive trait) has children with a man who has normal vision. What is the probability that their son will be color blind? Use a Punnett square to solve.

Accepted Answer

$$50\%$$

Question 2

Which of the following best describes the Law of Dominance as discovered by Gregor Mendel?

Accepted Answer

Some alleles are always expressed, while others are masked in the presence of dominant alleles.

Question 3

A cross between a red-flowered snapdragon ($$RR) $$and a white-flowered snapdragon ($$WW) $$produces all pink-flowered offspring ($$RW). $$What type of inheritance is this, and what would be the expected phenotypic ratio in the $$F_2$$ generation if two pink-flowered plants are crossed?

Accepted Answer

Incomplete dominance; $$1$$ red : $$2$$ pink : $$1$$ white

Question 4

Which of the following human traits is an example of polygenic inheritance?

Accepted Answer

Skin color

Question 5

Which enzyme is responsible for joining Okazaki fragments during DNA replication?

Accepted Answer

Ligase

Question 6

During transcription, which of the following statements is correct?

Accepted Answer

RNA is synthesized from a DNA template.

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the difference between introns and exons in eukaryotic genes?

Accepted Answer

Exons are coding regions that remain in mRNA; introns are non-coding regions that are removed.

Question 8

A scientist is studying a bacterium that stains purple with Gram stain. Which compound is abundant in its cell wall?

Accepted Answer

Peptidoglycan

Question 9

Which of the following processes involves the direct uptake of naked DNA from the environment by a bacterial cell?

Accepted Answer

Transformation

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic shared by all chordates at some point in their development?

Accepted Answer

Exoskeleton

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the function of the water vascular system in echinoderms?

Accepted Answer

Movement and feeding

Question 12

Which of the following is a difference between Chondrichthyes (cartilaginous fish) and Osteichthyes (bony fish)?

Accepted Answer

Chondrichthyes have a cartilaginous skeleton; Osteichthyes have a bony skeleton.

Question 13

Which of the following correctly matches the pigment with its color?

Accepted Answer

Chlorophyll: green

Question 14

Where do the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis take place?

Accepted Answer

Thylakoid membranes

Question 15

Which of the following is the correct sequence of steps in aerobic cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis $$\rightarrow$$ Krebs Cycle $$\rightarrow$$ Electron Transport Chain

Question 16

A plant cell is observed to have a large number of thylakoids. Which process is most likely to be highly active in this cell?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the role of Rubisco in the Calvin Cycle?

Accepted Answer

It fixes carbon dioxide into organic molecules.

Question 18

Which of the following is a function of xylem in plants?

Accepted Answer

Transport of water and minerals from roots to leaves

Question 19

A mutation causes a segment of a chromosome to break off, flip around, and reattach. What type of mutation is this?

Accepted Answer

Inversion

Question 20

Which of the following is true about viruses but NOT bacteria?

Accepted Answer

They require a host cell to reproduce.

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