Q: A solution has a pH of 5. What is the concentration of hydrogen ions $$[H^+] in $$this solution?

$$[H^+] = 1 \times 10$$^{-5}$$ \ \mathrm{M}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes an emergent property in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

A property that arises from the interaction and arrangement of parts within a system, such as the ability of a heart to pump blood, which individual heart cells cannot do alone.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a property of life as described in Figure 1.2?

Accepted Answer

Inability to process energy

Question 3

A scientist is studying a newly discovered organism. She observes that it has a nucleus, mitochondria, and linear chromosomes. Based on these observations, to which domain does this organism most likely belong?

Accepted Answer

Eukarya

Question 4

Which of the following best explains why water is less dense as a solid than as a liquid?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds stabilize and keep water molecules farther apart in ice than in liquid water.

Question 5

Which of the following statements about feedback regulation is correct?

Accepted Answer

Negative feedback reduces the initial stimulus, while positive feedback amplifies it.

Question 6

A solution has a pH of 5. What is the concentration of hydrogen ions $$[H^+] in $$this solution?

Accepted Answer

$$[H^+] = 1 	imes 10$$^{-5}$$ \ \mathrm{M}$$

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the difference between a saturated and an unsaturated fat?

Accepted Answer

Saturated fats have no double bonds between carbon atoms and are solid at room temperature; unsaturated fats have one or more double bonds and are liquid at room temperature.

Question 8

Which of the following is the correct order of taxonomic classification from most general to most specific?

Accepted Answer

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the relationship between DNA, RNA, and protein in the central dogma of molecular biology?

Accepted Answer

DNA is transcribed into RNA, which is then translated into protein.

Question 10

Which of the following statements about the specific heat of water is correct?

Accepted Answer

Water has a high specific heat, meaning it can absorb or release a large amount of heat with only a slight change in its own temperature.

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the difference between a prokaryotic and a eukaryotic cell?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles, including a nucleus; prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.

Question 12

Which of the following is a function of carbohydrates in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Energy storage and structural support

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the role of ATP in cells?

Accepted Answer

ATP stores and provides energy for many cellular processes by releasing a phosphate group.

Question 14

Which of the following statements about hydrogen bonds is correct?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds form between a hydrogen atom covalently bonded to an electronegative atom and another electronegative atom.

Question 15

A buffer solution is important in biological systems because it:

Accepted Answer

Minimizes changes in pH by accepting or donating hydrogen ions as needed.

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the difference between alpha ($$\alpha) $$and beta ($$\beta) $$glycosidic linkages in polysaccharides?

Accepted Answer

$$\alpha$$ linkages are found in starch and glycogen and can be digested by human enzymes; $$\beta$$ linkages are found in cellulose and cannot be digested by human enzymes.

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct statement about the structure of DNA?

Accepted Answer

DNA is a double helix with two antiparallel strands held together by hydrogen bonds between complementary bases.

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why carbon is the basis for all biological molecules?

Accepted Answer

Carbon can form four covalent bonds, allowing for a diversity of stable and complex molecules.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the process of dehydration synthesis?

Accepted Answer

It is the process by which monomers are joined to form polymers, with the removal of a water molecule.

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