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Comprehensive Study Guide: Foundations of Biology (Chapters 1–19)

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Introduction to Biology

  • Unicellular vs. Multicellular
    02:09
  • Introduction to Biology
    02:54
  • Introduction to Biology Channel
    1:28

Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic Cells

  • Recap: Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Cells
    04:26
  • Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic Cells
    05:54
  • Features of Bacterial Cells
    03:54

Introduction to Chemical Bonding

  • Introduction to Chemical Bonding Example 1
    1:59
  • Intramolecular vs. Intermolecular Bonds
    03:53
  • Map of the Lesson on Chemical Bonding
    02:42

Covalent Bonds

  • Covalent Bonds
    04:28
  • Polar Covalent Bonds
    06:59
  • Nonpolar Covalent Bonds
    06:41

Ionic Bonding

  • Ions: Anions vs. Cations
    04:34
  • Ionic Bonds
    06:07

Noncovalent Bonds

  • Noncovalent Bonds
    03:40

Hydrogen Bonding

  • Hydrogen Bonding
    05:03

Introduction to Water

  • Introduction to Water
    01:54
  • Introduction to Water Example 1
    01:51
  • Emergent Properties of Water
    01:29

Properties of Water- Cohesion and Adhesion

  • Properties of Water- Cohesion and Adhesion Example 1
    01:46
  • Properties of Water- Cohesion and Adhesion
    04:16

Acids and Bases

  • Acids
    02:45
  • Acids and Bases
    01:29
  • Bases
    03:48

pH Scale

  • Buffers
    05:38
  • pH Scale
    11:05

Carbon

  • Carbon is an Excellent Building Block
    03:35
  • Carbon
    04:19

Functional Groups

  • Functional Groups Example 1
    02:00
  • Functional Groups
    06:04

Introduction to Biomolecules

  • Introduction to Biomolecules
    01:17
  • Map of the Lesson on Biomolecules
    01:29

Monomers & Polymers

  • Building & Breaking-Down Polymers
    04:19
  • Monomers & Polymers
    03:42

Carbohydrates

  • Formation & Breakdown of Polysaccharides
    03:08
  • Carbohydrates
    04:53
  • Carbohydrate Functions
    05:08

Lipids

  • Steroids & Waxes
    03:30
  • Lipids
    04:19
  • Fatty Acids
    06:59

Proteins

  • Protein Structure
    08:02
  • Amino Acids
    04:37
  • Proteins
    02:50

Nucleic Acids

  • Nucleic Acids Example 2
    01:05
  • Formation & Breakdown of Nucleic Acids
    04:07
  • DNA vs. RNA
    05:57

Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic Cells

  • Recap: Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Cells
    04:26
  • Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic Cells
    05:54
  • Features of Bacterial Cells
    03:54

Introduction to Eukaryotic Organelles

  • Introduction to Eukaryotic Organelles
    03:45
  • Ribosomes
    06:51
  • Map of the Lesson on Eukaryotic Organelles
    02:43

Endomembrane System: Digestive Organelles

  • Central Vacuole
    03:35
  • Lysosomes & Peroxisomes
    05:38

Endomembrane System: Protein Secretion

  • Golgi Apparatus
    06:02
  • Endoplasmic Reticulum
    06:07
  • Nucleus
    06:32

Mitochondria & Chloroplasts

  • Chloroplasts
    03:16
  • Chloroplast Structure
    03:41
  • Mitochondria Structure
    04:45

Introduction to the Cytoskeleton

  • Cilia & Flagella
    03:15
  • Introduction to the Cytoskeleton
    06:05

Biological Membranes

  • Biological Membranes Example 1
    02:21
  • Biological Membranes
    06:04

Types of Membrane Proteins

  • Membrane Protein Functions
    03:54
  • Types of Membrane Proteins
    02:35

Osmosis

  • Osmosis Example 1
    02:18
  • Osmosis
    05:59
  • Direction of Osmosis
    06:48

Passive vs. Active Transport

  • Classes of Membrane Transport Proteins
    03:28
  • Passive vs. Active Transport
    04:18

Introduction to Metabolism

  • Introduction to Metabolism
    02:17
  • Catabolic & Anabolic Pathways
    03:25

Laws of Thermodynamics

  • Second Law of Thermodynamics
    02:53
  • Entropy
    03:21
  • First Law of Thermodynamics
    04:43

Enzymes

  • Functions of Enzymes
    02:32
  • Enzymes Example 1
    02:25
  • Enzymes
    02:55

Enzyme Inhibition

  • Enzyme Inhibition
    05:03

Introduction to Aerobic Cellular Respiration

  • Introduction to Cellular Respiration Example 2
    01:53
  • Aerobic Cellular Respiration is a Redox Reaction
    04:18
  • Stages of Aerobic Cellular Respiration
    02:31

Glycolysis

  • Phases of Glycolysis
    06:20
  • Glycolysis Example 1
    01:29
  • Remembering Phases of Glycolysis
    02:49

Pyruvate Oxidation

  • Pyruvate Oxidation
    04:38

Krebs Cycle

  • Krebs Cycle Example 1
    01:20
  • Krebs Cycle
    01:37
  • Phases of The Krebs Cycle
    09:54

Electron Transport Chain

  • Remembering the ETC
    04:43
  • Electron Transport Chain
    07:41

Chemiosmosis

  • Chemiosmosis
    05:01

Fermentation & Anaerobic Respiration

  • Lactic Acid Fermentation
    03:34
  • What Happens to Aerobic Organisms if There's No Oxygen?
    07:51
  • Alcohol Fermentation
    02:02

Introduction to Cell Division

  • Asexual vs. Sexual Reproduction
    04:45
  • Introduction to Cell Division
    09:40
  • Importance of Cell Division
    03:19

Phases of Mitosis

  • Phases of Mitosis
    03:21
  • Metaphase
    01:58
  • Prometaphase
    03:20

Cytokinesis

  • Animal Cell Cytokinesis
    02:56
  • Cytokinesis
    01:25
  • Cytokinesis Example 1
    01:59

Cell Cycle Regulation

  • Cell Cycle Regulation
    03:31
  • Cell Cycle Checkpoints
    06:32

Introduction to Meiosis

  • Introduction to Meiosis Example 1
    01:43
  • Meiosis I & Meiosis II
    04:49
  • Introduction to Meiosis
    04:33

Meiosis I

  • Meiosis I
    07:55

Meiosis II

  • Meiosis II
    06:17

Genetic Variation During Meiosis

  • Genetic Variation During Meiosis
    07:08
  • Nondisjunction
    05:03
  • Independent Assortment
    08:49

Genes & Alleles

  • Genes & Alleles Example 1
    02:09
  • Genes & Alleles
    05:02
  • Haploid vs. Diploid Cells
    04:14

Introduction to Mendel's Experiments

  • Why Pea Plants?
    01:58
  • Introduction to Mendel's Experiments
    03:50

Punnett Squares

  • How to Use Punnett Squares
    07:05
  • Punnett Squares
    01:37

Mendel's Experiments

  • Self-Fertilization Experiment: True-Breeding vs. Hybrid Plants
    05:48
  • Mendel's Experiments
    03:02
  • Cross-Fertilization Experiment: Dominant vs. Recessive Alleles
    05:04

Mendel's Laws

  • Mendel's Laws
    01:16
  • Law of Segregation
    03:24
  • Law of Independent Assortment
    06:44

Mutations

  • Mutations
    02:29
  • Types of Mutations
    08:44

Introduction to Regulation of Gene Expression

  • Positive vs Negative Gene Regulation
    02:17
  • Introduction to Regulation of Gene Expression
    06:40

Viruses

  • Virus Structure
    04:50
  • Lytic and Lysogenic Cycles
    08:04
  • Viroids and Prions
    04:22