Question 1

Which of the following is NOT one of the four main threats to Earth's biodiversity as described in conservation biology?

Accepted Answer

Genetic drift

Question 2

A population of frogs in a wetland is declining due to the introduction of a predatory fish species. Which threat to biodiversity does this scenario best illustrate?

Accepted Answer

Introduced species

Question 3

Which term describes the process by which pollutants become more concentrated in organisms at higher trophic levels?

Accepted Answer

Biomagnification

Question 4

A conservation biologist is studying a population of turtles that is isolated due to a new highway. Which concept best explains the potential negative effects on genetic diversity?

Accepted Answer

Habitat fragmentation

Question 5

Which equation is used to estimate the minimum viable population (MVP) size for a species?

Accepted Answer

$$N_{MVP} = \frac{4N_mN_f}{N_m + N_f}$$

Question 6

Which of the following is an example of an ecosystem service?

Accepted Answer

Pollination of crops by bees

Question 7

A population of birds is reduced to only 20 individuals due to habitat loss. Which term best describes the risk this population faces?

Accepted Answer

Extinction vortex

Question 8

Which of the following best describes sustainable development?

Accepted Answer

Development that meets present needs without compromising future generations

Question 9

Which of the following is a direct effect of climate change on biodiversity?

Accepted Answer

Altered species distributions

Question 10

Which of the following is most likely to result from habitat fragmentation?

Accepted Answer

Reduced gene flow between populations

Question 11

A population of fish in a lake is declining due to overfishing. Which equation best models the exponential decline in population size?

Accepted Answer

$$N_t = N_0e$$^{-rt}$$

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT considered an ecosystem service?

Accepted Answer

Habitat destruction by mining

Question 13

Which term describes the process by which a species is removed from its native habitat and introduced to a new environment, often causing ecological disruption?

Accepted Answer

Introduced species

Question 14

Which of the following best explains why small populations are at greater risk of extinction?

Accepted Answer

They are more susceptible to genetic drift and inbreeding

Question 15

Which of the following is a consequence of overexploitation?

Accepted Answer

Population decline leading to possible extinction

Question 16

Which term refers to the variety of genes, species, and ecosystems in a region?

Accepted Answer

Biodiversity

Question 17

Which of the following is a strategy to reduce the effects of habitat fragmentation?

Accepted Answer

Establishing wildlife corridors

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the extinction vortex?

Accepted Answer

A downward spiral in population size and genetic diversity leading to extinction

Question 19

Which of the following is a direct result of biomagnification in aquatic food webs?

Accepted Answer

Top predators accumulate higher concentrations of toxins

Question 20

Which of the following is most likely to increase the effective population size ($$N_e) of a $$species?

Accepted Answer

Equal numbers of breeding males and females

Conservation Biology and Climate Change: Study Guide

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