Question 1

Which of the following best describes an emergent property in biological organization?

Accepted Answer

A property that arises only when individual components interact at a higher level of organization.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT one of the four major unifying themes of biology?

Accepted Answer

Replication

Question 3

A scientist is studying the effect of temperature on the rate of potassium ion diffusion across a membrane. Which variable is the independent variable in this experiment?

Accepted Answer

Temperature

Question 4

In the process of scientific inquiry, which step comes immediately after forming a hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

Conducting experiments

Question 5

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of natural selection?

Accepted Answer

Traits that increase survival and reproduction become more common in a population over generations.

Question 6

A researcher wants to visualize the relationship between the concentration of sodium chloride (NaCl) and the rate of diffusion across a membrane. Which type of graph would be most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Line graph

Question 7

Which of the following is an example of a control variable in an experiment testing the effect of antibiotic concentration on bacterial growth?

Accepted Answer

Temperature at which the experiment is conducted

Question 8

Which level of biological organization is directly impacted by a mutation causing sickle cell anemia?

Accepted Answer

Cell

Question 9

Which of the following is a dependent variable in an experiment measuring the effect of pollution on bird species diversity?

Accepted Answer

Number of bird species present

Question 10

Which of the following is a correct statement about heredity in the context of natural selection?

Accepted Answer

Only traits encoded in DNA can be transmitted to offspring.

Question 11

Which of the following best describes a hypothesis in scientific inquiry?

Accepted Answer

A tentative explanation that can be tested by experimentation.

Question 12

In an experiment, the concentration of a solute in the blood is measured over time during a dialysis treatment. Which type of graph is best for displaying the change in concentration over time?

Accepted Answer

Line graph

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of an emergent property at the cellular level?

Accepted Answer

The coordinated contraction of heart muscle cells to pump blood.

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a requirement for natural selection to occur?

Accepted Answer

Random mating

Question 15

A scientist is testing the effect of different concentrations of a drug on cell growth. The number of cells after treatment is measured. Which is the dependent variable?

Accepted Answer

Number of cells after treatment

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why sickle cell anemia persists in certain populations?

Accepted Answer

It provides a selective advantage against malaria in heterozygous individuals.

Question 17

Which equation would you use to calculate the rate of diffusion of a solute across a membrane?

Accepted Answer

$D = \frac{Q}{t}$

Question 18

In a scientific experiment, which variable is manipulated by the researcher?

Accepted Answer

Independent variable

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the role of energy and matter in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

Energy and matter are recycled within ecosystems and are essential for life processes.

Question 20

A researcher investigates the relationship between caffeine consumption and reaction time. Which of the following is the independent variable?

Accepted Answer

Caffeine dosage

Core Concepts in General Biology: Unifying Themes, Natural Selection, and Scientific Inquiry

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