Question 1

Which of the following statements best explains why Archaea are considered more closely related to Eukarya than to Bacteria, despite both Archaea and Bacteria being prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

Archaea and Eukarya share similar DNA replication and transcription mechanisms.

Question 2

A scientist discovers a single-celled organism living in a hot spring with a cell wall lacking peptidoglycan and containing ether-linkages in its membrane. Which domain does this organism most likely belong to?

Accepted Answer

Archaea

Question 3

Which of the following is a correct sequence of taxonomic classification from broadest to most specific?

Accepted Answer

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

Question 4

Which of the following features is unique to eukaryotic cells and absent in prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Membrane-bound organelles

Question 5

A bacterium is exposed to extreme heat and survives by forming a structure that preserves its genetic material. What is this structure called?

Accepted Answer

Endospore

Question 6

Which of the following statements about prokaryotes is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotes contain membrane-bound organelles.

Question 7

Which kingdom includes organisms that are primarily multicellular, photosynthetic, and have cell walls made of cellulose?

Accepted Answer

Plantae

Question 8

Which of the following is a distinguishing feature of the cell wall in Eubacteria compared to Archaea?

Accepted Answer

Eubacteria have cell walls with peptidoglycan and ester-linkages in their membranes.

Question 9

Which of the following best describes extremophiles?

Accepted Answer

Organisms, often Archaea, that thrive in extreme environmental conditions.

Question 10

A researcher is classifying a newly discovered organism. It is unicellular, lacks a nucleus, and its DNA contains introns and is associated with histones. To which domain does this organism most likely belong?

Accepted Answer

Archaea

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a kingdom within the domain Eukarya?

Accepted Answer

Eubacteria

Question 12

Which of the following statements about the historical classification of prokaryotes is correct?

Accepted Answer

Bacteria and Archaea were once grouped together in the kingdom Monera.

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct description of the ribosomes found in prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotes have 70S ribosomes.

Question 14

Which of the following best explains why steroids are only found in the membranes of eukaryotes and not prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotes lack the enzymes necessary to synthesize steroids.

Question 15

Which of the following is a function of flagella and pili in prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

Flagella are used for movement; pili are used for attachment and genetic exchange.

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the DNA organization in Archaea?

Accepted Answer

Circular DNA with introns and histones.

Question 17

A student is asked to identify the domain of an organism with the following characteristics: single-celled, prokaryotic, cell wall with peptidoglycan, and ester-linkages in the membrane. Which domain is correct?

Accepted Answer

Bacteria

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct mnemonic to remember the order of taxonomic ranks from domain to species?

Accepted Answer

Dear King Phillip Came Over For Great Soup

Question 19

Which of the following statements about binary fission is correct?

Accepted Answer

Binary fission is a form of asexual reproduction used by prokaryotes.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the difference between ester-linkages and ether-linkages in cell membranes?

Accepted Answer

Ester-linkages are found in Bacteria; ether-linkages are found in Archaea.

Diversity of Life: Taxonomy, Domains, and Prokaryotes

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