Question 1

Which of the following best describes the role of ATP in cellular metabolism?

Accepted Answer

ATP serves as a high-energy molecule that cells use to power various life functions.

Question 2

Which equation correctly represents the process of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

$$6CO_2 + 6H_2O \rightarrow C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2$$

Question 3

A plant is placed in a sealed chamber with only sunlight and water provided. Which process allows the plant to produce oxygen?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis

Question 4

Which statement best explains why energy cannot be recycled in an ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

Energy is converted to heat and lost to the environment, following the second law of thermodynamics.

Question 5

Which of the following is a product of cellular respiration in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Carbon dioxide

Question 6

A student claims that all organisms on Earth obtain their energy directly from the sun. Which of the following best evaluates this claim?

Accepted Answer

The claim is incorrect because only producers can directly use sunlight; consumers obtain energy by eating producers.

Question 7

Which molecule is the primary pigment responsible for absorbing light during photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Chlorophyll

Question 8

During photosynthesis, which wavelengths of light are primarily absorbed by chlorophyll?

Accepted Answer

Blue and red

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the relationship between producers and consumers in an ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

Consumers obtain energy from producers by consuming organic molecules produced via photosynthesis.

Question 10

Which process releases energy stored in glucose for use by cells?

Accepted Answer

Cellular respiration

Question 11

A scientist measures the entropy of a biological system and finds it has increased. What does this indicate about the system?

Accepted Answer

The system has lost energy as heat and become more disordered.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a reactant in the process of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen

Question 13

Which of the following equations represents the conversion of chemical energy in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

$$C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2 \rightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + energy$$

Question 14

Which statement best describes the conservation of energy in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

Energy can be converted from one form to another, but cannot be created or destroyed.

Question 15

A leaf appears green to our eyes because:

Accepted Answer

Chlorophyll reflects green light and absorbs blue and red light.

Question 16

Which of the following is a plausible consequence if the process of photosynthesis stopped in all producers?

Accepted Answer

Consumers would lose their primary source of energy, leading to ecosystem collapse.

Question 17

Which organelle is responsible for cellular respiration in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrion

Question 18

A plant cell is exposed to only green light. What is the most likely effect on its rate of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis rate will decrease because green light is not efficiently absorbed by chlorophyll.

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why heat is released from the surface of a plant during photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Heat is a by-product of the conversion of light energy to chemical energy, and some energy is lost as heat due to entropy.

Question 20

Which of the following statements about entropy in living systems is correct?

Accepted Answer

Entropy increases as energy is converted and some is lost as heat, making biological systems more disordered.

Energy Flow and Photosynthesis in Biological Systems

Study Guide - Practice Questions