$$6\ \text{CO}_2 + 6\ \text{H}_2\text{O} + \text{light energy} \rightarrow \text{C}_6\text{H}_{12}\text{O}_6 + 6\ \text{O}_2$$

Question 1

Which of the following best represents the overall sum equation for photosynthesis in plants?

Accepted Answer

$$6\ 	ext{CO}_2 + 6\ 	ext{H}_2	ext{O} + 	ext{light energy} ightarrow 	ext{C}_6	ext{H}_{12}	ext{O}_6 + 6\ 	ext{O}_2$$

Question 2

During the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis, which molecule acts as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain?

Accepted Answer

NADP$$^+$$

Question 3

Which color of light is LEAST effective for photosynthesis in most plants, and why?

Accepted Answer

Green, because chlorophyll reflects green light rather than absorbing it.

Question 4

Rubisco is a key enzyme in the Calvin Cycle. What is its primary function?

Accepted Answer

Catalyzing the fixation of CO$$_2 to $$ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP)

Question 5

Photorespiration is a wasteful process in plants. Which adaptation reduces photorespiration in hot, dry environments?

Accepted Answer

CAM and C4 photosynthesis

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the outcome of mitosis in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Two genetically identical daughter cells

Question 7

During cytokinesis, what is the main difference between plant and animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Plant cells form a cell plate, while animal cells form a cleavage furrow.

Question 8

Which checkpoint in the cell cycle ensures that DNA is properly replicated before mitosis begins?

Accepted Answer

G2 checkpoint

Question 9

Binary fission is a method of cell division primarily found in which type of organisms?

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotes

Question 10

Which of the following statements about meiosis is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Meiosis produces four genetically unique daughter cells.

Question 11

Which two mechanisms contribute to genetic variation during meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Crossing over and independent assortment

Question 12

A nondisjunction event during meiosis can result in which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A gamete with an abnormal number of chromosomes

Question 13

In Mendel's experiments, what is the difference between the P, F1, and F2 generations?

Accepted Answer

P is the parental generation, F1 is the first filial generation, F2 is the second filial generation.

Question 14

Which of Mendel's laws explains why alleles separate during gamete formation?

Accepted Answer

Law of segregation

Question 15

A test cross is used to determine the genotype of an individual with a dominant phenotype. Which cross would you perform?

Accepted Answer

Cross the individual with a homozygous recessive organism.

Question 16

Which blood type is considered the universal donor, and why?

Accepted Answer

Type O, because it lacks A and B antigens.

Question 17

Which of the following is an example of incomplete dominance?

Accepted Answer

A red flower and a white flower produce pink offspring.

Question 18

If a gene is located on the X chromosome, which statement about inheritance is correct?

Accepted Answer

Males are more likely to express recessive X-linked traits.

Question 19

Which chromosomal structural rearrangement can result in a gene being moved to a new location on a chromosome?

Accepted Answer

Translocation

Question 20

A couple has a child with type AB blood. If the mother is type A and the father is type B, which genotype combination is possible for the parents?

Accepted Answer

Mother: $$I^A I^A or$$ $$I^A i$$, Father: $$I^B I^B or$$ $$I^B i$$

Exam 3 Study Guide: Photosynthesis, Cell Division, and Genetics

Study Guide - Practice Questions