Question 1

Which of the following best describes incomplete dominance?

Accepted Answer

The phenotype of the heterozygote is intermediate between the phenotypes of the two homozygotes.

Question 2

A person with genotype $$I^A I^B$$ for the ABO blood group will have which blood type?

Accepted Answer

Type AB

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of pleiotropy?

Accepted Answer

A single gene causing multiple symptoms in cystic fibrosis

Question 4

In Labrador retrievers, coat color is determined by two genes. One gene determines pigment color (B for black, b for brown), and another gene (E for color, e for no color) determines whether pigment is deposited. What is the expected phenotype of a dog with genotype $$bbEe$$?

Accepted Answer

Brown

Question 5

Which statement about dominant alleles is correct?

Accepted Answer

Dominant alleles are not necessarily more common in a population than recessive alleles.

Question 6

Which of the following best illustrates codominance?

Accepted Answer

A person with AB blood type expressing both A and B antigens

Question 7

A trait that shows continuous variation in a population, such as human height, is most likely controlled by:

Accepted Answer

Multiple genes with additive effects (polygenic inheritance)

Question 8

Which of the following scenarios is an example of environmental impact on phenotype?

Accepted Answer

Hydrangea flowers of the same genotype are pink in basic soil and blue in acidic soil

Question 9

Which of the following best describes epistasis?

Accepted Answer

The expression of one gene is affected by another gene at a different locus

Question 10

If a child is born with polydactyly (extra fingers or toes), which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

The trait is caused by a dominant allele that is rare in the population.

Question 11

Which of the following genotypes would result in type O blood in the ABO blood group system?

Accepted Answer

$$ii$$

Question 12

A plant with genotype $$C^R C^W$$ produces pink flowers, while $$C^R C^R$$ produces red and $$C^W C^W$$ produces white. What type of inheritance is this?

Accepted Answer

Incomplete dominance

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of polygenic inheritance?

Accepted Answer

Traits are determined by a single gene with two alleles

Question 14

Which of the following best explains why a dominant allele may be rare in a population?

Accepted Answer

Dominant alleles are not necessarily more common than recessive alleles

Question 15

A genetic disorder causes multiple symptoms in different organs of the body. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Pleiotropy

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of a quantitative character?

Accepted Answer

Height

Question 17

If a gene has more than two alleles in a population, this is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

Multiple alleles

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the relationship between genotype and phenotype in the context of environmental influence?

Accepted Answer

Phenotype is determined by both genotype and environment

Question 19

A person with sickle-cell disease exhibits symptoms in multiple organ systems. This is due to:

Accepted Answer

Pleiotropy

Question 20

Which of the following is a real-world example of epistasis?

Accepted Answer

Coat color in Labrador retrievers, where one gene controls pigment color and another controls pigment deposition

Extensions to Mendelian Genetics: Beyond Simple Inheritance

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