Question 1

Which of the following is NOT one of the seven properties of life?

Accepted Answer

Ability to photosynthesize

Question 2

A scientist observes that a certain plant grows faster when exposed to blue light. She hypothesizes that blue light increases the rate of photosynthesis. Which step of the scientific process is she performing by designing an experiment to test this hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

Testing the hypothesis

Question 3

Which of the following best describes a eukaryotic cell?

Accepted Answer

A cell with a nucleus and specialized organelles

Question 4

Which organelle is responsible for producing ATP through cellular respiration and contains its own DNA?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrion

Question 5

A cell is observed to have a large central vacuole, chloroplasts, and a cell wall. Which type of cell is this most likely to be?

Accepted Answer

Plant cell

Question 6

Which of the following statements about the phospholipid bilayer is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

It forms the basic structure of the cell membrane

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why cells are limited in size by their surface area-to-volume ratio?

Accepted Answer

As cells grow, their volume increases faster than their surface area, limiting efficient exchange of materials.

Question 8

Which of the following is a correct example of a covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

The bond between two hydrogen atoms in $$\mathrm{H}_2$$

Question 9

Which four elements make up the majority of living matter?

Accepted Answer

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen

Question 10

A solution has a pH of 3. Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

The solution is acidic and has a high concentration of $$\mathrm{H}^+$$ ions.

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the difference between a dehydration reaction and a hydrolysis reaction?

Accepted Answer

Dehydration reactions build polymers from monomers by removing water; hydrolysis reactions break polymers into monomers by adding water.

Question 12

Which of the following is a function of the cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Providing structural support and facilitating cell movement

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the role of hydrogen bonds in the structure of DNA?

Accepted Answer

They connect the two strands of DNA between complementary bases.

Question 14

Which of the following is an example of a polar molecule?

Accepted Answer

Water ($$\mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O})$$

Question 15

Which of the following statements about enzymes is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes lower the activation energy required for a reaction.

Question 16

A patient is diagnosed with a genetic disorder that affects the function of lysosomes. Which cellular process is most likely to be impaired?

Accepted Answer

Digestion of macromolecules and cellular waste

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus; prokaryotic cells do not.

Question 18

Which of the following is a function of the Golgi apparatus?

Accepted Answer

Modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins for secretion

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why water is considered a 'universal solvent'?

Accepted Answer

Water's polarity allows it to dissolve many ionic and polar substances.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes ATP?

Accepted Answer

A nucleotide that stores and transfers energy in cells

Foundations of Biology: Key Concepts and Cellular Structure

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards