Question 1

Which of the following is NOT one of the five fundamental characteristics shared by all living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Ability to photosynthesize

Question 2

According to the cell theory, which statement is correct?

Accepted Answer

All cells come from preexisting cells.

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the Central Dogma of molecular biology?

Accepted Answer

Information flows from DNA to RNA to protein.

Question 4

A scientist wants to study the surface features of a virus particle. Which microscopy technique should they use?

Accepted Answer

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)

Question 5

Which of the following is a correct conversion from centimeters to micrometers?

Accepted Answer

1 cm = $$10,000,000$$ μm

Question 6

Which statement correctly distinguishes prokaryotic cells from eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles, prokaryotic cells do not.

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT considered a living organism according to the cell theory?

Accepted Answer

Viruses

Question 8

Which of the following is a testable statement that explains something observed and can be evaluated by experimentation?

Accepted Answer

A hypothesis

Question 9

Which theory explains how hereditary information is transmitted from one generation to the next?

Accepted Answer

Chromosome theory of inheritance

Question 10

A researcher observes that a certain disease is inherited in families. What is the most appropriate next step in the scientific process?

Accepted Answer

Formulate a hypothesis about the genetic basis of the disease

Question 11

Which of the following is a correct statement about energy in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Living organisms require energy to carry out cellular processes.

Question 12

Which of the following is a prediction that can be tested in a well-designed experiment?

Accepted Answer

If bacteria are exposed to antibiotics, then their growth rate will decrease.

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the process of natural selection?

Accepted Answer

Populations change in their characteristics over generations due to differential survival and reproduction.

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct statement about viruses?

Accepted Answer

Viruses require a host cell to replicate.

Question 15

Which of the following is a real-world application of the chromosome theory of inheritance?

Accepted Answer

Tracing the genetic basis of cystic fibrosis in families

Question 16

A cell is measured to be $$0.2 mm in $$diameter. What is its diameter in micrometers ($$	ext{μm}$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$2,000$$ 	ext{μm}$

Question 17

Which of the following is a key difference between the domains Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya?

Accepted Answer

Only Eukarya have membrane-bound organelles.

Question 18

Which of the following is an example of a control in a biological experiment?

Accepted Answer

A group of plants not exposed to fertilizer when testing fertilizer effects

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the relationship between the cell theory and the theory of evolution by natural selection?

Accepted Answer

Cell theory explains the structure of organisms, while evolution explains how populations change over time.

Question 20

A scientist uses transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to study a cell. What is the scientist most likely investigating?

Accepted Answer

The cell's interior structures

Foundations of Biology: The Study of Life

Study Guide - Practice Questions