Question 1

Which of the following best describes an emergent property in biology?

Accepted Answer

A property that arises when simple structures are combined in specific ways, resulting in new complex functions.

Question 2

Which of the following is the correct order from largest to smallest in biological organization?

Accepted Answer

Biosphere \u003e Ecosystem \u003e Community \u003e Population \u003e Organism

Question 3

A scientist wants to test the effect of nitrogen on plant growth. In this experiment, what is the independent variable?

Accepted Answer

The amount of nitrogen provided to the plants

Question 4

Which statement about prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is correct?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells can be single-celled or multicellular, and have a nucleus.

Question 5

Which of the following best explains why water is able to stabilize temperature in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds between water molecules allow water to absorb and release large amounts of heat with little temperature change.

Question 6

Which of the following is true about ionic and covalent bonds?

Accepted Answer

Ionic bonds involve the complete transfer of electrons, while covalent bonds involve sharing of electrons.

Question 7

A solution has a pH of 4. How many times more acidic is it than a solution with a pH of 6?

Accepted Answer

$$100$$

Question 8

Which functional group is NOT hydrophilic?

Accepted Answer

Methyl

Question 9

Which of the following is a correct statement about monosaccharides?

Accepted Answer

They are simple sugars with a chemical formula that is usually a multiple of $$CH_2O.$$

Question 10

Cellulose is difficult for most animals to digest because:

Accepted Answer

It consists of long chains of glucose bonded together by hydrogen bonds, forming a very strong structure.

Question 11

Which level of protein structure is primarily determined by the sequence of amino acids?

Accepted Answer

Primary structure

Question 12

What is the main difference between DNA and RNA?

Accepted Answer

DNA is double stranded with bases CGTA, while RNA is single stranded with bases CGTU.

Question 13

Which of the following best describes a buffer in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

A molecule that resists changes in pH by combining a weak acid and a weak base.

Question 14

Which property of water allows insects to walk on its surface?

Accepted Answer

Surface tension due to hydrogen bonding

Question 15

A carbon atom can form up to how many covalent bonds?

Accepted Answer

$$4$$

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct statement about lipids?

Accepted Answer

Lipids are defined by being hydrophobic and include fats (triglycerides) with a structure of glycerol and three fatty acid chains.

Question 17

Which of the following is true about the scientific method?

Accepted Answer

Controlled experiments attempt to examine the effect of one variable while eliminating the effects of other potential variables.

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct description of electronegativity?

Accepted Answer

The amount of attraction an atom has for electrons.

Question 19

Which of the following is a real-world example of adhesion?

Accepted Answer

Water molecules sticking to the surface of a paper towel.

Question 20

Which of the following statements about isotopes is correct?

Accepted Answer

Isotopes have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.

Foundations of General Biology: Cells, Chemistry, and Macromolecules

Study Guide - Practice Questions