Q: Which equation correctly represents the process of cellular respiration?

$$6C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2 \rightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + \text{energy}$$

Question 1

Which of the following correctly lists the biological levels of organization from smallest to largest?

Accepted Answer

Atoms → molecules → cells → tissues → organs → organ system → organism → species → population → community → biosphere

Question 2

A scientist is testing the effectiveness of a new antibiotic. She sets up two groups: one receives the antibiotic, the other does not. She measures bacterial growth in both. What is the dependent variable in this experiment?

Accepted Answer

The amount of bacterial growth

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT one of the six characteristics required for something to be considered living?

Accepted Answer

Ability to photosynthesize

Question 4

Which statement best describes the role of isotopes in biological research?

Accepted Answer

Isotopes are atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons, some of which are radioactive and used in research.

Question 5

Which type of chemical bond involves the sharing of electrons between atoms?

Accepted Answer

Covalent bond

Question 6

Why is water considered an excellent solvent for biological molecules?

Accepted Answer

Because water molecules have positive and negative poles that attract ions and polar molecules

Question 7

A potato slice is placed in a cup of salt water. After an hour, the potato appears shriveled. Which process best explains this observation?

Accepted Answer

Osmosis

Question 8

Which equation correctly represents the process of cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

$$6C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2 ightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + 	ext{energy}$$

Question 9

Which of the following is a function of the plasma membrane in cells?

Accepted Answer

It regulates the exchange of substances between the cell and its environment

Question 10

Which organelle is responsible for extracting energy from food molecules and storing it in ATP?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrion

Question 11

A cell is placed in a hypotonic solution. What is most likely to happen?

Accepted Answer

Water will enter the cell, causing it to swell

Question 12

Which of the following is true about enzymes?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes are proteins that catalyze specific chemical reactions

Question 13

Which process allows cells to engulf large particles from their environment?

Accepted Answer

Phagocytosis

Question 14

Which of the following statements about ATP is correct?

Accepted Answer

ATP is a nucleotide that carries energy within cells

Question 15

Which of the following is a real-world example of competitive enzyme inhibition?

Accepted Answer

A drug binds to an enzyme's active site, preventing the substrate from binding

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why carbon is so important in biological molecules?

Accepted Answer

Carbon atoms can form stable covalent bonds with many other elements, allowing for complex organic molecules

Question 17

Which of the following is a function of the Golgi apparatus in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

It sorts, modifies, and packages proteins for export

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct description of facilitated diffusion?

Accepted Answer

Movement of molecules down their concentration gradient through a membrane protein, without energy input

Question 19

Which of the following is a product of the light reactions of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

ATP

Question 20

A patient is diagnosed with a mitochondrial disease. Which cellular process is most likely to be directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Energy production via ATP

Foundations of General Biology: Levels of Organization, Scientific Method, Chemistry of Life, and Biological Molecules

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