Question 1

Which of the following best describes the process by which genetic information in DNA is used to synthesize a protein?

Accepted Answer

Transcription followed by translation

Question 2

During translation, which molecule brings amino acids to the ribosome?

Accepted Answer

tRNA

Question 3

A protein translated by a free ribosome in the cytosol is most likely to be found in which cellular location?

Accepted Answer

In the cytosol

Question 4

If a protein is synthesized on a ribosome attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER), what is its most likely final destination?

Accepted Answer

It is secreted from the cell

Question 5

Given the DNA sequence $$5'\ \mathrm{ATG\ GGG\ TAT\ TAA}\ 3' ($$coding strand), what is the corresponding mRNA sequence?

Accepted Answer

$$5'\ \mathrm{AUG\ GGG\ UAU\ UAA}\ 3'$$

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why hydrophobic amino acids tend to be found in the interior of a folded protein?

Accepted Answer

Hydrophobic amino acids repel water and aggregate away from the aqueous environment

Question 7

A mutation deletes the region of a membrane protein that binds to a signal protein inside the cell. What is the most likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

The protein will not be able to transmit signals into the cell

Question 8

Which of the following is a characteristic of ebolaviruses?

Accepted Answer

They are single-stranded RNA viruses

Question 9

Why is it important to test for the presence of Ebolavirus mRNA rather than DNA or protein when identifying an active infection?

Accepted Answer

mRNA is only present when the virus is actively replicating

Question 10

In an experiment, you find Ebolavirus mRNA and protein in the tissue of a brown house snake but not in a domestic pigeon. What does this suggest?

Accepted Answer

The brown house snake is a likely reservoir for Ebolavirus

Question 11

Which technique would you use to visualize the location of Ebolavirus-specific proteins within animal tissue?

Accepted Answer

Fluorescence microscopy with labeled antibodies

Question 12

If you want to test whether a mutation in the ligand-binding region of a membrane protein affects its function, which experiment would be most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Test the protein's ability to bind its ligand

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the flow of genetic information in a eukaryotic cell?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{DNA \rightarrow RNA \rightarrow Protein}$$

Question 14

A protein has the following amino acid sequence: N-terminus: hydrophobic, C-terminus: hydrophilic. In an aqueous environment, how is this protein likely to fold?

Accepted Answer

Hydrophobic N-terminus will be buried inside, hydrophilic C-terminus exposed to water

Question 15

Which of the following is a plausible recommendation to prevent future Ebolavirus outbreaks in an African village, based on animal reservoir data?

Accepted Answer

Limit human contact with identified reservoir species

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why proteins have directionality (N-terminus to C-terminus)?

Accepted Answer

Amino acids are added sequentially to the C-terminus during translation

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of ebolaviruses?

Accepted Answer

They are double-stranded DNA viruses

Question 18

A scientist proposes that amino acids with 'tags' get transported to the nucleus. Which experiment would best test this hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

Track the location of tagged amino acids using fluorescence microscopy

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the role of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) in protein processing?

Accepted Answer

It modifies and folds newly synthesized proteins

Question 20

If a mutation deletes the region of a membrane protein that anchors it in the membrane, what is the most likely outcome?

Accepted Answer

The protein will not be able to stay embedded in the membrane

From DNA to Protein: Molecular Biology Processes and Ebola Virus Case Study

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards