Question 1

Which of the following functional groups is present in the drug citalopram and is characterized by a carbon triple-bonded to a nitrogen atom?

Accepted Answer

Cyano ($\mathrm{C\equiv N}$)

Question 2

A molecule contains the following structure: $\mathrm{R-O-R'}$. Which functional group does this represent, and what is a common property of this group?

Accepted Answer

Ether; it is generally non-reactive and used as a solvent

Question 3

Which prefix would be used for a hydrocarbon chain containing 11 carbon atoms?

Accepted Answer

undec-

Question 4

Which of the following drugs contains a nitro functional group ($\mathrm{NO_2}$), and what is a key property of this group?

Accepted Answer

Clonazepam; nitro groups are electron-withdrawing

Question 5

A compound contains the following structure: $\mathrm{R-COOH}$. Which functional group is this, and what is its typical behavior in aqueous solution?

Accepted Answer

Carboxylic acid; it acts as a weak acid and donates protons

Question 6

Which of the following correctly matches the functional group and its structure found in the drug metformin?

Accepted Answer

Guanidine; $\mathrm{HN=C(NH_2)_2}$

Question 7

Which functional group is present in phenol and distinguishes it from a regular alcohol?

Accepted Answer

Phenol contains an $-OH$ group directly attached to an aromatic ring

Question 8

A molecule with the structure $\mathrm{R-CO-NH_2}$ is classified as which functional group, and what is a common biological role of this group?

Accepted Answer

Amide; found in peptide bonds of proteins

Question 9

Which of the following functional groups is characterized by the structure $\mathrm{R-NH_2}$ and is commonly found in neurotransmitters?

Accepted Answer

Amine

Question 10

A drug contains a benzyl group. Which of the following best describes the benzyl functional group?

Accepted Answer

A phenyl ring attached to a $-CH_2-$ group

Question 11

Which functional group is present in the drug solifenacin and is characterized by the structure $\mathrm{R-O-CO-NH_2}$?

Accepted Answer

Carbamate

Question 12

A molecule contains a $\mathrm{C=O}$ group bonded to two carbon atoms. Which functional group does this describe?

Accepted Answer

Ketone

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct description of an imine functional group?

Accepted Answer

A carbon double-bonded to a nitrogen ($\mathrm{C=N}$)

Question 14

Which functional group is present in the drug cefdinir and is characterized by the structure $\mathrm{R_2C=NOH}$?

Accepted Answer

Oxime (Hydroxylimine)

Question 15

A molecule contains a $\mathrm{R-NH-NH_2}$ group. Which functional group does this represent, and what is a common use in pharmaceuticals?

Accepted Answer

Hydrazine; used in anti-tuberculosis drugs

Question 16

Which functional group is present in the drug torsemide and is characterized by the structure $\mathrm{R-O-CO-O-R'}$?

Accepted Answer

Carbonate

Question 17

A molecule contains a $\mathrm{R-COO-R'}$ group. Which functional group does this describe, and what is a common biological example?

Accepted Answer

Ester; found in triglycerides

Question 18

Which of the following functional groups is present in the drug azidothymidine (AZT) and is characterized by three consecutive nitrogen atoms?

Accepted Answer

Azide ($\mathrm{N_3}$)

Question 19

A molecule contains a $\mathrm{R-CO-NH-R'}$ group. Which functional group does this represent, and what is its significance in biochemistry?

Accepted Answer

Amide; forms peptide bonds in proteins

Functional Groups: Structure, Classification, and Biological Relevance

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