Question 1

Which of the following best describes the role of the promoter in transcription?

Accepted Answer

It is a segment of DNA where RNA polymerase binds to initiate transcription.

Question 2

During transcription, in which direction is the mRNA molecule synthesized?

Accepted Answer

5' to 3'

Question 3

What is the function of the terminator sequence in transcription?

Accepted Answer

It signals RNA polymerase to stop transcription and release the mRNA.

Question 4

In prokaryotic cells, what happens immediately after the mRNA transcript is produced?

Accepted Answer

The mRNA is immediately translated by ribosomes.

Question 5

Which of the following is true about the TATA box in eukaryotic transcription?

Accepted Answer

It is always found in the non-template strand of the promoter region.

Question 6

What is the correct order of events during the initiation of transcription in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Transcription factors bind to the TATA box, then RNA polymerase binds.

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why transcription and translation can occur simultaneously in prokaryotes but not in eukaryotes?

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotes lack a nuclear envelope, allowing ribosomes to access mRNA as it is being transcribed.

Question 8

A mutation in the promoter region of a gene most likely affects which stage of gene expression?

Accepted Answer

Initiation of transcription

Question 9

Which of the following statements about transcription factors is correct?

Accepted Answer

They are proteins that bind to the promoter region before RNA polymerase in eukaryotes.

Question 10

If the sequence of the template DNA strand is 3'-TACGGT-5', what is the sequence of the mRNA produced?

Accepted Answer

5'-AUGCCA-3'

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the transcription initiation complex in eukaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A group of transcription factors and RNA polymerase assembled at the promoter.

Question 12

A researcher deletes the terminator sequence from a gene in a prokaryotic cell. What is the most likely result?

Accepted Answer

RNA polymerase will continue transcribing beyond the normal endpoint.

Question 13

Which of the following equations best represents the directionality of mRNA synthesis?

Accepted Answer

$$5' \rightarrow 3'$$

Question 14

Which of the following is a key difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic transcription?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic transcription requires transcription factors to bind before RNA polymerase.

Question 15

A patient has a mutation that prevents transcription factors from binding to the TATA box. What is the most likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

RNA polymerase cannot bind, so transcription will not initiate.

Gene Expression: From DNA to Protein – Transcription in Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes

Study Guide - Practice Questions