Humans lack the enzymes to break the $$eta-1$$,4 glycosidic linkages in cellulose.

Question 1

Which type of chemical bond is responsible for the unequal sharing of electrons between atoms, resulting in partial charges within the molecule?

Accepted Answer

Polar covalent bond

Question 2

A molecule of glucose ($$C_6H_{12}O_6$) is classified as which type of carbohydrate?

Accepted Answer

Monosaccharide

Question 3

Which functional group is present in both aldehydes and ketones, and is characterized by a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom?

Accepted Answer

Carbonyl group

Question 4

During the digestion of starch in the human body, which chemical reaction occurs to break down the polymer into monomers?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis

Question 5

Which of the following best explains why cellulose is insoluble dietary fiber for humans?

Accepted Answer

Humans lack the enzymes to break the $$eta-1$$,4 glycosidic linkages in cellulose.

Question 6

Which of the following statements about phospholipids is correct?

Accepted Answer

Phospholipids have a hydrophilic head and two hydrophobic tails.

Question 7

A solution has a pH of 3. Which of the following best describes this solution?

Accepted Answer

It is acidic.

Question 8

Which process is responsible for the formation of a disaccharide from two monosaccharides?

Accepted Answer

Dehydration synthesis

Question 9

Which of the following is a major function of lipids in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

Forming cell membranes

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

Unsaturated fatty acids contain one or more double bonds, causing kinks in the hydrocarbon chain.

Question 11

Which of the following molecules is the primary energy storage polysaccharide in animals?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen

Question 12

Which chemical group is found in all amino acids and is responsible for their acidic properties?

Accepted Answer

Carboxyl group

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why water is an effective solvent for polar molecules?

Accepted Answer

Water molecules have partial charges that interact with charged or polar solutes.

Question 14

Which of the following is true about enantiomers?

Accepted Answer

They are mirror images of each other and have different biological activities.

Question 15

Which equation correctly represents the relationship between pH and hydrogen ion concentration $$[H^+]$$?

Accepted Answer

$$pH = -\log_{10}([H^+])$$

Question 16

A triglyceride is formed by the joining of three fatty acids to a glycerol molecule. What type of bond is formed between the fatty acid and glycerol?

Accepted Answer

Ester linkage

Question 17

Which of the following is a real-world consequence of the inability to digest cellulose?

Accepted Answer

Cellulose acts as dietary fiber, aiding in digestive health.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the structure of a nucleotide, the monomer of nucleic acids?

Accepted Answer

A phosphate group, a pentose sugar, and a nitrogenous base

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct application of dehydration synthesis in a biological context?

Accepted Answer

Forming a peptide bond between two amino acids to build a protein

Question 20

Which of the following is a property conferred by the presence of a hydroxyl group ($$-OH) in a $$molecule?

Accepted Answer

Increased solubility in water

General Biology: Biological Macromolecules, Chemical Bonds, and Functional Groups

Study Guide - Practice Questions