$$\text{Monomer}_1 + \text{Monomer}_2 \rightarrow \text{Polymer} + H_2O$$

Question 1

Which property of carbon allows it to form a wide variety of complex molecules essential for life?

Accepted Answer

Its ability to form covalent bonds with up to four other atoms

Question 2

Which of the following best describes a hydrocarbon?

Accepted Answer

A molecule composed only of carbon and hydrogen atoms

Question 3

Which functional group is present in ATP and is responsible for its energy transfer properties?

Accepted Answer

Phosphate group $$(-PO_4$^{2-})$$

Question 4

Which of the following statements about isomers is correct?

Accepted Answer

Isomers have the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements

Question 5

A dehydration reaction is important in the synthesis of biological polymers. Which equation best represents this process?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Monomer}_1 + 	ext{Monomer}_2 ightarrow 	ext{Polymer} + H_2O$$

Question 6

Which of the following is a structural polysaccharide found in plant cell walls?

Accepted Answer

Cellulose

Question 7

Which statement best explains why lipids are hydrophobic?

Accepted Answer

Lipids are composed mainly of hydrocarbon chains, which are nonpolar

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Storing genetic information

Question 9

Which level of protein structure is primarily determined by hydrogen bonding between backbone atoms, resulting in alpha helices and beta sheets?

Accepted Answer

Secondary structure

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the difference between DNA and RNA?

Accepted Answer

DNA is usually double-stranded, while RNA is usually single-stranded

Question 11

Which of the following chemical groups is found in all amino acids and is responsible for their acidic properties?

Accepted Answer

Carboxyl group $$(-COOH)$$

Question 12

A mutation changes the sequence of amino acids in a protein. Which level of protein structure is directly affected first?

Accepted Answer

Primary structure

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct description of a nucleotide found in nucleic acids?

Accepted Answer

A molecule consisting of a phosphate group, a pentose sugar, and a nitrogenous base

Question 14

Which process breaks down polymers into monomers by adding water?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis

Question 15

Which of the following is a storage polysaccharide found in animals?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen

Question 16

Which type of fatty acid contains one or more double bonds and is typically liquid at room temperature?

Accepted Answer

Unsaturated fatty acid

Question 17

Which of the following best explains the difference between ATP and ADP?

Accepted Answer

ATP has three phosphate groups, while ADP has two

Question 18

Which of the following is an example of a functional group that can act as a base by accepting a hydrogen ion?

Accepted Answer

Amino group $$(-NH_2$)$$

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the quaternary structure of a protein?

Accepted Answer

The association of multiple polypeptide chains into a functional protein

Question 20

Which of the following nitrogenous bases is found in RNA but not in DNA?

Accepted Answer

Uracil

General Biology: Carbon Chemistry, Biomolecules, and Macromolecules

Study Guide - Practice Questions