Question 1

Which of the following best describes a polymer in the context of biological macromolecules?

Accepted Answer

A long molecule consisting of many similar or identical subcomponents linked together.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT considered a polymer among biological macromolecules?

Accepted Answer

Lipids

Question 3

What is the monomer unit of nucleic acids?

Accepted Answer

Nucleotide

Question 4

Which of the following best explains the role of enzymes in the formation and breakdown of polymers?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes speed up both the assembly of polymers via dehydration reactions and their breakdown via hydrolysis.

Question 5

Which of the following correctly matches the primary and secondary structure of nucleic acids?

Accepted Answer

Primary structure: sequence of nucleotides; Secondary structure: hydrogen bonding between nucleobases

Question 6

According to Chargaff's rules, which of the following is true for double-stranded DNA?

Accepted Answer

The percentage of adenine equals the percentage of thymine.

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the central dogma of molecular biology?

Accepted Answer

DNA $$\rightarrow$$ RNA $$\rightarrow$$ Protein

Question 8

A scientist wants to amplify a small amount of DNA found at a crime scene. Which technique should they use?

Accepted Answer

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)

Question 9

Which of the following is a correct statement about the structure of RNA compared to DNA?

Accepted Answer

RNA is typically single-stranded but can form secondary structures by binding to itself.

Question 10

Which of the following elements are most commonly found in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen

Question 11

A dehydration reaction in the context of macromolecule synthesis involves:

Accepted Answer

Removing water to form a bond between monomers.

Question 12

Which of the following is the correct sequence of information flow in a cell according to the central dogma?

Accepted Answer

DNA $$\rightarrow$$ RNA $$\rightarrow$$ Protein

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why lipids are not considered polymers?

Accepted Answer

Lipids are not made of repeating monomer units.

Question 14

Which of the following is a real-world application of the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)?

Accepted Answer

Amplifying DNA from ancient specimens for genetic analysis.

Question 15

If a DNA sample contains 30% adenine, what percentage of guanine would you expect to find?

Accepted Answer

$$20\%$$

Question 16

Which of the following statements about enzymes is correct?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes lower the activation energy of biochemical reactions.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the relationship between monomers and polymers?

Accepted Answer

Polymers are large molecules made by joining together many monomers.

Question 18

Which of the following is a function of nucleic acids in cells?

Accepted Answer

Storing and transmitting genetic information.

Question 19

During the hydrolysis of a polymer, which of the following occurs?

Accepted Answer

A water molecule is added, breaking a bond between monomers.

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why DNA is well-suited for storing genetic information?

Accepted Answer

DNA's double-stranded structure allows for accurate replication and stability.

General Biology: Cells and Biological Macromolecules (Nucleic Acids Focus)

Study Guide - Practice Questions