Question 1

Which property of water is most responsible for the ability of trees to transport water from their roots to their leaves against gravity?

Accepted Answer

Cohesion

Question 2

A neutral atom of carbon has 6 protons, 6 neutrons, and 6 electrons. What is its atomic number ($Z$) and mass number ($A$)?

Accepted Answer

$Z = 6$, $A = 12$

Question 3

Which of the following molecules is non-polar and therefore does not dissolve easily in water?

Accepted Answer

O$_2$

Question 4

A solution has a pH of 3. What is the concentration of hydrogen ions ($[H^+]$) compared to a solution with pH 6?

Accepted Answer

$1000$ times higher

Question 5

Which type of chemical bond is formed when one atom donates an electron to another atom, resulting in oppositely charged ions?

Accepted Answer

Ionic bond

Question 6

Why does ice float on water?

Accepted Answer

Ice is less dense than water

Question 7

Which element is NOT part of the CHNOPS group essential for life?

Accepted Answer

Iron

Question 8

What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy the first electron shell of an atom?

Accepted Answer

$2$

Question 9

Which property of water allows aquatic life to survive in lakes during winter?

Accepted Answer

Ice being less dense than liquid water

Question 10

Which scientist is credited with creating the first periodic table?

Accepted Answer

Dmitri Mendeleev

Question 11

Which subatomic particle determines the identity of an element?

Accepted Answer

Proton

Question 12

A buffer in blood helps maintain homeostasis by:

Accepted Answer

Resisting drastic changes in pH

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why sweating cools the body?

Accepted Answer

Water has a high heat of evaporation

Question 14

Which term describes electrons in the outermost shell of an atom?

Accepted Answer

Valence electrons

Question 15

Which of the following molecules is polar and can form hydrogen bonds?

Accepted Answer

H$_2$O

Question 16

If a solution has a pH of 9, which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

It is basic

Question 17

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons are called:

Accepted Answer

Isotopes

Question 18

Which property of water is most important for maintaining a stable internal temperature in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

High heat capacity

Question 19

Which type of bond is weak and forms between polar molecules, such as between water molecules?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bond

Question 20

Which element has an atomic number of 8?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen

General Biology: Chemistry Foundations Study Guide

Study Guide - Practice Questions