Question 1

Which of the following best describes a hypothesis in the scientific method?

Accepted Answer

A prediction based on prior knowledge that can be tested and falsified.

Question 2

A scientist wants to test the effect of a new drug on blood pressure. She randomly assigns participants to two groups: one receives the drug, and the other receives a placebo. What is the main purpose of the placebo group?

Accepted Answer

To control for psychological effects and other variables not related to the drug.

Question 3

Which of the following statements about covalent bonds is correct?

Accepted Answer

Covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons between atoms.

Question 4

Water molecules are able to form hydrogen bonds with each other. Which property of water does this explain?

Accepted Answer

Water's high surface tension and cohesion.

Question 5

Which of the following best describes a polysaccharide?

Accepted Answer

A carbohydrate made of many monosaccharides covalently linked.

Question 6

Which of the following is a correct statement about the structure of proteins?

Accepted Answer

Secondary structure is due to hydrogen bonding between backbone atoms.

Question 7

A protein is denatured when exposed to high heat. What is most likely to happen?

Accepted Answer

The protein loses its three-dimensional shape and function.

Question 8

Which of the following is true about nucleic acids?

Accepted Answer

DNA and RNA are both composed of nucleotides.

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why phospholipids form bilayers in water?

Accepted Answer

Phospholipids are amphipathic, having both hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions.

Question 10

A triglyceride is formed by joining three fatty acids to a glycerol molecule. Which type of bond is formed in this process?

Accepted Answer

Ester bond

Question 11

Which of the following statements about ATP is correct?

Accepted Answer

ATP is a nucleotide that is the most commonly used direct source of energy for cells.

Question 12

Which of the following equations correctly represents the relationship between pH and hydrogen ion concentration $$[H^+]$$?

Accepted Answer

$$pH = -\log_{10}[H^+]$$

Question 13

A scientist is studying a solution with a pH of 4. What is the hydrogen ion concentration $$[H^+] in $$this solution?

Accepted Answer

$$[H^+] = 1 	imes 10$$^{-4}$$ 	ext{ M}$$

Question 14

Which of the following is a function of enzymes in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes catalyze chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy.

Question 15

Which of the following statements about DNA and RNA is correct?

Accepted Answer

DNA is usually double-stranded, while RNA is usually single-stranded.

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why unsaturated fatty acids are liquid at room temperature?

Accepted Answer

They have double bonds that create kinks, preventing tight packing.

Question 17

A researcher finds that a study claims a new diet causes weight loss, but the study did not control for exercise or calorie intake. What is the main issue with this study?

Accepted Answer

The study failed to account for confounding variables.

Question 18

Which of the following is true about the structure of carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

Polysaccharides are formed by covalent glycosidic linkages between monosaccharides.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the amphipathic nature of phospholipids?

Accepted Answer

Phospholipids have both hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions.

Question 20

A DNA strand has the sequence 5'-ATCGGTA-3'. What is the complementary sequence in the 3' to 5' direction?

Accepted Answer

3'-TAGCCAT-5'

General Biology: Core Concepts and Macromolecules Study Guide

Study Guide - Practice Questions

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