Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus, while prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT one of the four major classes of organic molecules found in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Minerals

Question 3

A cell placed in a hypertonic solution will:

Accepted Answer

Lose water and shrink

Question 4

Which process directly produces the most ATP in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Electron transport chain

Question 5

Which of the following is a function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

Accepted Answer

Lipid synthesis

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why water has a high surface tension?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds form between water molecules, creating cohesion.

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a form of passive transport?

Accepted Answer

Endocytosis

Question 8

A scientist wants to test the effect of fertilizer on plant growth. She sets up two groups: one with fertilizer and one without. What is the dependent variable in this experiment?

Accepted Answer

Growth of the plants measured over time

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the function of enzymes in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions.

Question 10

Which organelle is responsible for packaging and shipping proteins within the cell?

Accepted Answer

Golgi apparatus

Question 11

A student observes a cell under a microscope and notes the presence of a cell wall, chloroplasts, and a large central vacuole. What type of cell is this most likely to be?

Accepted Answer

Plant cell

Question 12

Which of the following is the correct sequence of levels of biological organization from smallest to largest?

Accepted Answer

Atom, molecule, cell, tissue, organ, organism

Question 13

Which of the following statements about photosynthesis is correct?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis converts carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen.

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct formula for cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2 \rightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + Energy}$$

Question 15

A protein is made up of a long chain of:

Accepted Answer

Amino acids

Question 16

Which of the following is a real-world example of osmosis?

Accepted Answer

Water moving into plant roots from the soil

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the role of the mitochondria in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

It produces ATP through cellular respiration.

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct statement about the scientific method?

Accepted Answer

Experiments are designed to test hypotheses.

Question 19

Which of the following is a function of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

It controls the movement of substances into and out of the cell.

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why enzymes are specific to their substrates?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes have a unique three-dimensional shape that fits only specific substrates.

General Biology: Core Concepts and Practice Questions

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