Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between negative and positive feedback in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

Negative feedback maintains homeostasis by counteracting changes, while positive feedback intensifies the change until a specific outcome is reached.

Question 2

Which of the following is a correct example of a covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

The bond between hydrogen and oxygen in a water molecule ($H_2O$)

Question 3

Which property of water allows insects to walk on its surface?

Accepted Answer

Cohesion due to hydrogen bonding

Question 4

A solution has a $[H^+]$ concentration of $1 	imes 10^{-7}$ M. What is its pH?

Accepted Answer

$7$

Question 5

Which of the following best explains why carbon is able to form large, complex, and diverse organic molecules?

Accepted Answer

Carbon has four valence electrons, allowing it to form up to four covalent bonds with other atoms.

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Storing genetic information

Question 7

Which macromolecule is primarily responsible for energy storage in plants?

Accepted Answer

Starch

Question 8

Which of the following statements about ATP is correct?

Accepted Answer

ATP is a nucleotide that provides energy for cellular processes.

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the difference between a single covalent bond and a double covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

A single covalent bond shares two electrons, while a double covalent bond shares four electrons between atoms.

Question 10

Which of the following is a real-world example of a dehydration (condensation) reaction?

Accepted Answer

Forming a peptide bond between two amino acids to build a protein

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the role of enzymes in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes act as catalysts, speeding up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy.

Question 12

Which of the following statements about the structure of water is correct?

Accepted Answer

Water is a polar molecule with a bent structure due to the angle between hydrogen atoms.

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct statement about the dissociation of water?

Accepted Answer

Water dissociates into $H^+$ and $OH^-$ ions.

Question 14

Which of the following is a property of water that helps moderate Earth's climate?

Accepted Answer

Water's high specific heat capacity

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct description of a hydrolysis reaction?

Accepted Answer

A reaction that breaks a polymer into monomers by adding a water molecule.

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why ice floats on water?

Accepted Answer

Ice is less dense than liquid water because hydrogen bonds hold water molecules in a rigid lattice.

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct example of a functional group found in organic molecules?

Accepted Answer

Phosphate group ($-PO_4$)

Question 18

Which of the following statements about macromolecules is correct?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrates are made of monosaccharides.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

Saturated fatty acids have only single bonds between carbon atoms, while unsaturated fatty acids have one or more double bonds.

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct statement about the relationship between structure and function in biological molecules?

Accepted Answer

The specific shape and chemical properties of a biological molecule determine its function.

General Biology: Core Concepts and Study Guide

Study Guide - Practice Questions