Question 1

Which of the following best describes natural selection as proposed by Charles Darwin?

Accepted Answer

The differential survival and reproduction of individuals due to differences in phenotype.

Question 2

A population of beetles has two color morphs: green and brown. If a bird predator prefers green beetles, what evolutionary mechanism is most likely to increase the frequency of brown beetles over time?

Accepted Answer

Natural selection

Question 3

Which equation is used to calculate allele frequencies in a population under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

Accepted Answer

$$p^2 + 2pq$$ + $$q^2 = 1$

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a requirement for a population to be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

Accepted Answer

Small population size

Question 5

A scientist discovers two populations of frogs that can interbreed but produce sterile offspring. According to the biological species concept, these populations are:

Accepted Answer

Different species because their offspring are sterile

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why mitochondria and chloroplasts are thought to have originated via endosymbiosis?

Accepted Answer

They contain their own circular DNA and double membranes

Question 7

Which of the following is the correct order of taxonomic ranks from most inclusive to least inclusive?

Accepted Answer

Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

Question 8

Which of the following is a defining feature of all seed plants?

Accepted Answer

Production of seeds

Question 9

A botanist observes that water moves from the roots to the leaves of a plant. Which process primarily drives this movement?

Accepted Answer

Transpiration pull through xylem

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the role of fungi in an ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

Decomposers

Question 11

Which of the following animal groups is characterized by having a notochord at some stage in development?

Accepted Answer

Chordates

Question 12

A patient is diagnosed with anemia due to low iron levels. Which physiological process is most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen transport by hemoglobin

Question 13

Which equation best represents the relationship between cardiac output, heart rate, and stroke volume?

Accepted Answer

$$CO = HR 	imes SV$$

Question 14

Which of the following is a primary function of the nephron in the kidney?

Accepted Answer

Filtration and excretion of wastes

Question 15

In an ecosystem, which process is responsible for converting atmospheric nitrogen into a form usable by plants?

Accepted Answer

Nitrogen fixation

Question 16

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates genetic drift?

Accepted Answer

A small population of rabbits is isolated, and by chance, only white rabbits reproduce.

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct statement about the flow of energy in an ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

Energy flows in one direction, from producers to consumers to decomposers.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the function of xylem in plants?

Accepted Answer

Transport of water and minerals from roots to leaves

Question 19

A scientist observes that two closely related species of birds live in the same forest but feed on different insects. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Ecological niche differentiation

Question 20

Which of the following is a consequence of the bottleneck effect in a population?

Accepted Answer

Reduced genetic variation due to a drastic reduction in population size

General Biology Course Syllabus and Weekly Topics Overview

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards