Question 1

Which of the following is found only in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Nucleus

Question 2

According to the endosymbiotic theory, which of the following organelles contains circular DNA?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria

Question 3

Lipids are primarily synthesized in which organelle?

Accepted Answer

Smooth ER

Question 4

Heart muscle cells require large amounts of energy. Which organelle would you expect to find in abundance in these cells?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria

Question 5

A cell has an abnormally high concentration of hydrogen peroxide ($$H_2O_2). $$Which organelle is most likely defective?

Accepted Answer

Peroxisome

Question 6

Trace the pathway of a protein that is to be secreted from a cell. Where is it produced, and what is the next organelle it travels to?

Accepted Answer

Produced in the rough ER, then travels to the Golgi apparatus

Question 7

Which four elements make up the majority of atoms in cells?

Accepted Answer

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen

Question 8

Match the following macromolecules with their monomers:
1. Proteins
2. Nucleic Acids
3. Carbohydrates

Accepted Answer

1. Amino acid, 2. Nucleotide, 3. Monosaccharide

Question 9

Which of the following is the most electronegative atom?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen

Question 10

Which of the following molecules would most likely dissolve in water?

Accepted Answer

A molecule with many C-O bonds

Question 11

The molecule $$CH_3$$($$CH_2)_4CH_3$ is:

Accepted Answer

Hydrophobic

Question 12

The molecule $$H_2O is$$:

Accepted Answer

Hydrophilic

Question 13

Which type of bond is formed between the hydrogen atom of one water molecule and the oxygen atom of another water molecule?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bond

Question 14

The fatty acid tail of a phospholipid is:

Accepted Answer

Hydrophobic

Question 15

Rank the following substances from most to least permeable across a phospholipid bilayer:
A. Ions
B. Small polar molecules
C. Large polar molecules
D. Small non-polar molecules

Accepted Answer

D \u003e B \u003e C \u003e A

Question 16

Suppose a substrate can cross a membrane. If the concentration is higher on the left side than the right, which direction will it move?

Accepted Answer

Left to right

Question 17

Which membrane is more permeable?

Accepted Answer

Plasma membrane with unsaturated phospholipids

Question 18

How does cholesterol affect membrane permeability when it is warm?

Accepted Answer

It makes membranes less permeable

Question 19

Seawater contains lots of salt. If you drink it, your cells will lose water because seawater is ________ relative to human cells.

Accepted Answer

Hypertonic

Question 20

Which of the following would require the use of energy (ATP)?

Accepted Answer

Moving a substance against its concentration gradient (from low to high)

General Biology Exam 1 Review: Cell Structure, Membrane Function, and Macromolecules

Study Guide - Practice Questions

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