$$[H^+] = 1 \times 10$$^{-4}$$ M

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the role of a control group in a well-designed experiment?

Accepted Answer

It provides a baseline for comparison to determine the effect of the independent variable.

Question 2

Which property of water allows insects to walk on its surface and plants to transport water from roots to leaves?

Accepted Answer

Cohesion and adhesion

Question 3

A solution has a pH of 4. What is the concentration of hydrogen ions $$[H^+] in $$the solution? Use the formula $$pH = -\log_{10}[H^+].$$

Accepted Answer

$$[H^+] = 1 	imes 10$$^{-4}$$ M

Question 4

Which functional group is found in all amino acids and is responsible for their acidic properties?

Accepted Answer

Carboxyl group ($$-COOH)$$

Question 5

Which type of chemical bond is formed when electrons are shared equally between two atoms?

Accepted Answer

Nonpolar covalent bond

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why ice floats on water?

Accepted Answer

Ice is less dense than liquid water due to hydrogen bonding creating an open lattice structure.

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a function of carbohydrates in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Catalyzing chemical reactions

Question 8

Which type of reaction is responsible for joining two monosaccharides to form a disaccharide?

Accepted Answer

Dehydration synthesis

Question 9

Which of the following statements about phospholipids is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

They have both hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions, making them amphipathic.

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the secondary structure of a protein?

Accepted Answer

It is formed by hydrogen bonds between backbone atoms, resulting in alpha helices and beta sheets.

Question 11

Which of the following is a correct statement about unsaturated fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

They contain one or more double bonds, causing kinks in the hydrocarbon chain.

Question 12

Which of the following is the correct chemical formula for a phosphate group?

Accepted Answer

$$PO_4$$^{3-}$$

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why water is considered a universal solvent?

Accepted Answer

Its polarity allows it to dissolve many ionic and polar substances.

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct definition of a buffer?

Accepted Answer

A substance that minimizes changes in pH by accepting or donating hydrogen ions.

Question 15

Which of the following is a polymer formed by nucleotides?

Accepted Answer

DNA

Question 16

Which of the following best describes hydrolysis?

Accepted Answer

A reaction that breaks polymers into monomers by adding water.

Question 17

Which of the following is a major function of proteins in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Catalyzing biochemical reactions as enzymes

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct statement about the tertiary structure of a protein?

Accepted Answer

It is stabilized by interactions between R groups, including hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds, and disulfide bridges.

Question 19

Which of the following is the correct linkage that connects monosaccharides in polysaccharides?

Accepted Answer

Glycosidic linkage

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct statement about DNA and RNA?

Accepted Answer

DNA contains deoxyribose sugar, while RNA contains ribose sugar.

General Biology Exam 1 Study Guide: Chemistry of Life, Water, and Biological Molecules

Study Guide - Practice Questions