Question 1

Which of the following best describes a scientific hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A statement that can be tested and is falsifiable.

Question 2

In a controlled experiment, which variable is manipulated by the researcher?

Accepted Answer

Independent variable

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT one of the three domains of life?

Accepted Answer

Protista

Question 4

Oxygen gas ($$O_2) is $$formed from a ________ covalent bond.

Accepted Answer

double

Question 5

Why does salt (sodium chloride) dissolve easily in water?

Accepted Answer

Water forms hydrogen bonds with sodium and chloride ions.

Question 6

Which property of water allows it to climb up a thin tube against gravity (capillary action)?

Accepted Answer

Cohesion and adhesion

Question 7

The atomic number of an element is equal to the number of:

Accepted Answer

Protons

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why ice floats on water?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds keep water molecules farther apart in ice.

Question 9

What happens to the pH of a solution when an acid is added?

Accepted Answer

The pH decreases.

Question 10

Which of the following is a trace element commonly added to food and water to prevent disease?

Accepted Answer

Iodine

Question 11

Which of the following best describes an isotope?

Accepted Answer

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons.

Question 12

What is the main difference between polar and nonpolar covalent bonds?

Accepted Answer

Polar bonds share electrons unequally; nonpolar bonds share electrons equally.

Question 13

Which property of water is most important for temperature regulation in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

High specific heat

Question 14

A radioactive isotope is useful in medical imaging because:

Accepted Answer

It emits energy that can be detected and traced in the body.

Question 15

Which of the following best describes a covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

A bond formed by the sharing of electrons between atoms.

Question 16

Which of the following elements is most likely to form ionic bonds with chlorine?

Accepted Answer

Sodium

Question 17

How many protons, neutrons, and electrons are in a neutral carbon atom with atomic number 6 and mass number 12?

Accepted Answer

6 protons, 6 neutrons, 6 electrons

Question 18

Which property of water explains why sweat cools your body?

Accepted Answer

High heat of vaporization

Question 19

What is the significance of the number of electrons in the outermost shell of an atom?

Accepted Answer

It determines the atom's chemical reactivity.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes why water is a good solvent for ionic compounds?

Accepted Answer

Water's polarity allows it to surround and separate ions.

General Biology Exam 1 Study Guide: Scientific Method, Chemistry of Life, and Atomic Structure

Study Guide - Practice Questions