Question 1

Which of the following best describes incomplete dominance in genetics?

Accepted Answer

The heterozygote displays a phenotype that is intermediate between the two homozygotes.

Question 2

A woman who is a carrier for an X-linked recessive trait marries a man who does not carry the trait. What is the probability that their son will express the trait?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{1}{2}$$

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of a founder effect?

Accepted Answer

A small group of individuals colonizes a new island, resulting in reduced genetic diversity compared to the original population.

Question 4

Which Hardy-Weinberg equation correctly calculates the frequency of heterozygotes in a population?

Accepted Answer

$$2pq$$

Question 5

Which type of selection favors individuals at both extremes of a trait distribution?

Accepted Answer

Disruptive selection

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT considered evidence for evolution?

Accepted Answer

Analogous structures

Question 7

A population of beetles has two alleles for color: green ($$G) $$and brown ($$g). If $$the frequency of $$G is$$ $$0.7$$ and $$g is$$ $$0.3$$, what is the expected frequency of green homozygotes under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

Accepted Answer

$$0.49$$

Question 8

Which scenario best illustrates genetic drift?

Accepted Answer

A population of rabbits is hunted, and only a few survive, changing allele frequencies by chance.

Question 9

Which of the following best describes adaptation?

Accepted Answer

A heritable trait that increases an organism's fitness in a particular environment.

Question 10

Which of the following body planes divides the body into left and right halves?

Accepted Answer

Sagittal plane

Question 11

Which of the following is a property of pathogens that allows them to evade the host immune system?

Accepted Answer

Antigenic variation

Question 12

Which of the following best explains the concept of descent with modification?

Accepted Answer

Offspring inherit traits from their ancestors, but these traits may change over generations due to mutation and selection.

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of directional selection?

Accepted Answer

Moths with darker coloration become more common after pollution darkens tree bark.

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct statement about autosomal traits?

Accepted Answer

They are inherited equally by males and females.

Question 15

Which of the following is a real-world example of the bottleneck effect?

Accepted Answer

A population of cheetahs is reduced to a few individuals due to hunting, resulting in low genetic diversity.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a body cavity?

Accepted Answer

Sagittal cavity

Question 17

Which of the following is a critical detail of the Hardy-Weinberg principle?

Accepted Answer

It assumes no mutation, migration, selection, or genetic drift.

Question 18

Which of the following is an example of genetic variation?

Accepted Answer

A population of flowers shows a range of colors due to different alleles.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes natural selection?

Accepted Answer

The process by which individuals with advantageous traits survive and reproduce more successfully.

Question 20

A population of mice has allele frequencies $$p = 0.6$$ and $$q = 0.4. $$What is the expected frequency of heterozygotes under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

Accepted Answer

$$0.48$$

General Biology Final Exam Study Guide: Genetics, Evolution, and Human Body Maps

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards