Question 1

Which of the following best describes a scientific theory?

Accepted Answer

A comprehensive, well-substantiated explanation supported by extensive evidence.

Question 2

Which property of water allows it to moderate Earth's temperature and why?

Accepted Answer

High specific heat, because hydrogen bonds absorb heat when they break and release heat when they form.

Question 3

A scientist wants to test the effect of a new fertilizer on plant growth. She sets up two groups: one receives the fertilizer, the other does not. Which is the independent variable?

Accepted Answer

The application of the fertilizer.

Question 4

Which of the following is a function of proteins in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Catalyzing chemical reactions.

Question 5

Which equation correctly represents the process of cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

$$C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2 \rightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + ATP$$

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why ice floats on liquid water?

Accepted Answer

Ice is less dense than liquid water because hydrogen bonds hold water molecules farther apart in a solid state.

Question 7

A solution with a pH of 2 is how many times more acidic than a solution with a pH of 5?

Accepted Answer

1000 times

Question 8

Which of the following statements about enzymes is correct?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes lower the activation energy required for a reaction.

Question 9

Which of the following is a property shared by all living things?

Accepted Answer

Response to environmental stimuli

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the difference between a hypothesis and a theory?

Accepted Answer

A hypothesis is a tentative explanation that can be tested, while a theory is a comprehensive explanation supported by evidence.

Question 11

Which of the following is a function of the plasma membrane in cells?

Accepted Answer

Regulating the passage of materials into and out of the cell

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the role of ATP in cellular processes?

Accepted Answer

ATP acts as the primary energy currency of the cell.

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct pairing of a macromolecule and its monomer?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrate – Monosaccharide

Question 14

Which of the following is a real-world example of a controlled experiment?

Accepted Answer

Comparing the growth of plants with and without fertilizer, keeping all other conditions the same.

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why water is an excellent solvent for many substances?

Accepted Answer

Water is polar, allowing it to surround and separate ions and polar molecules.

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct statement about acids and bases?

Accepted Answer

Acids release H$$^+$$ ions and bases accept H$$^+$$ ions.

Question 17

Which of the following is a function of nucleic acids in cells?

Accepted Answer

Storing genetic information

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles, prokaryotic cells do not.

Question 19

Which of the following is a property of life that allows organisms to maintain a stable internal environment?

Accepted Answer

Regulation

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the role of hydrogen bonds in water?

Accepted Answer

They create cohesion between water molecules, leading to surface tension.

Final (Ch. 1-14)

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards