Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a property of living organisms?

Accepted Answer

They always reproduce as individuals, not as a species.

Question 2

A scientist wants to test if a new fertilizer increases plant growth. She sets up two groups of plants: one receives the fertilizer, the other does not. What is the dependent variable in this experiment?

Accepted Answer

The growth of the plants measured over time

Question 3

Which of the following best describes a scientific theory?

Accepted Answer

A well-established explanation that is comprehensive and able to explain many observations

Question 4

Which of the following statements about viruses is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Viruses require a host cell to reproduce and do not process their own energy.

Question 5

A student is graphing the average daily temperature over a month. Which type of graph would best represent this data?

Accepted Answer

Line graph

Question 6

Which of the following is an example of a polar covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{H_2O}$$

Question 7

What is the main reason water has a high surface tension?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds between water molecules

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why ice floats on water?

Accepted Answer

The crystal structure of ice has more space between water molecules, making it less dense.

Question 9

A solution has a pH of 4. What is the concentration of $$\mathrm{H^+}$$ ions in the solution?

Accepted Answer

$$1 	imes 10$$^{-4}$$ M

Question 10

Which of the following statements about carbon is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Carbon is always found in a straight chain structure.

Question 11

Which functional group is correctly matched with its structure?

Accepted Answer

Amino group: $$\mathrm{NH_2$}$$

Question 12

Which of the following best describes a dehydration reaction?

Accepted Answer

Forming longer polymers from monomers by removing water

Question 13

A triglyceride is formed by joining three fatty acids to a glycerol molecule. What type of bond links the fatty acids to glycerol?

Accepted Answer

Ester linkage

Question 14

Which level of protein structure is stabilized primarily by hydrogen bonds along the polypeptide backbone?

Accepted Answer

Secondary

Question 15

Which of the following statements about DNA and RNA is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

DNA and RNA are both composed of nucleotides joined by phosphodiester bonds.

Question 16

A scientist is comparing the effect of four different teaching styles on student performance. Which type of graph would best help her visualize the average performance for each teaching style?

Accepted Answer

Bar graph

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the role of buffers in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

Buffers help stabilize the pH of a solution by absorbing or releasing $$\mathrm{H^+}$$ ions.

Question 18

Which of the following is an example of an essential element that makes up less than 0.01% of human body mass but is still vital for health?

Accepted Answer

Fluorine

Question 19

If the p-value in an experiment is $$p \u003c 0.05$$, what does this indicate about the results?

Accepted Answer

There is a statistically significant difference between the groups.

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why proteins can denature when exposed to high salt concentrations?

Accepted Answer

Salt disrupts hydrogen bonds and ionic interactions that stabilize protein structure.

General Biology: Foundations, Chemistry, and Molecules of Life

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