Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between an ion and an isotope?

Accepted Answer

An ion is an atom or molecule that has a positive or negative electric charge, while an isotope is an atom of the same element that has different numbers of neutrons.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT one of the four kingdoms in Eukarya?

Accepted Answer

Bacteria

Question 3

A scientist observes that ice floats on water. Which property of water is most responsible for this phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

Water's hydrogen bonding creates a rigid, open hexagonal crystal lattice structure in ice

Question 4

Which of the following is a trace element required by living organisms in minute quantities for essential physiological functions?

Accepted Answer

Iron

Question 5

Which of the following best describes a hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A testable or educated guess of the outcome of an experiment or observation based on knowledge

Question 6

Which of the following is the correct order of the taxonomic classification for humans, from broadest to most specific?

Accepted Answer

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

Question 7

Which of the following is a characteristic of a good hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

It is testable and falsifiable

Question 8

What is the atomic number of an element?

Accepted Answer

The number of protons in the nucleus

Question 9

Which of the following chemical bonds is the strongest in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

Covalent bond

Question 10

A solution has a pH of 5. Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

It is an acidic solution because pH is below 7

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why water is considered the 'chemistry of life'?

Accepted Answer

Because water has unique properties, arising from its polar nature and hydrogen bonds

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a property of water that contributes to its importance in biology?

Accepted Answer

Low surface tension

Question 13

Which of the following is the correct formula for the number of electrons in the first energy shell?

Accepted Answer

$$2n^2$$

Question 14

Which of the following is the best definition of homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

An organism's ability to maintain a stable internal environment, such as temperature or blood sugar

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT one of the eight characteristics of life (ORRGEERC)?

Accepted Answer

Ability to photosynthesize

Question 16

Which of the following is true about radioactive isotopes?

Accepted Answer

They have an unstable nucleus that spontaneously releases energy in the form of radiation

Question 17

Which of the following is the best example of a control in a scientific experiment?

Accepted Answer

A standard or baseline for comparison that is kept constant to isolate the effect of the variable being tested

Question 18

Which of the following is the smallest unit of matter that still retains the properties of an element?

Accepted Answer

Atom

Question 19

Which of the following is a base according to the pH scale?

Accepted Answer

A chemical substance with a pH greater than 7 that donates hydroxide ions

Question 20

Which of the following is the best description of a solvent?

Accepted Answer

The dissolving agent in a solution

General Biology: Foundations, Classification, Chemistry, and Water

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