Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus containing DNA, while prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus.

Question 2

Which step in the scientific method involves forming a testable explanation for an observed phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

Hypothesis

Question 3

A population of beetles has two alleles for color: B (black) and b (brown). If the frequency of B is $$p = 0.7$$ and the frequency of b is $$q = 0.3$$, what is the expected frequency of heterozygotes under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

Accepted Answer

$$2pq = 0.42$$

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a property of living things?

Accepted Answer

Ability to photosynthesize

Question 5

During which stage of mitosis do sister chromatids separate and move toward opposite poles?

Accepted Answer

Anaphase

Question 6

Which of the following mechanisms of evolution always decreases genetic variation in a population?

Accepted Answer

Genetic drift (especially bottleneck effect)

Question 7

Which adaptation was crucial for plants to colonize land?

Accepted Answer

Formation of vascular tissue for water transport

Question 8

Which of the following is an example of a negative feedback loop in human physiology?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of blood glucose by insulin

Question 9

Which statement about viruses is most accurate?

Accepted Answer

Viruses are not considered living because they require a host cell to reproduce.

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a category of evidence for evolution?

Accepted Answer

Spontaneous generation

Question 11

A plant is placed in a saline environment. If the plant's internal solute concentration is higher than the surrounding soil, what is the plant's osmotic relationship to its environment?

Accepted Answer

The plant is hyperosmotic to its environment.

Question 12

Which process results in the production of four genetically unique haploid cells from one diploid cell?

Accepted Answer

Meiosis

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why bacteria can be so genetically diverse?

Accepted Answer

Bacteria exchange genetic material through processes like conjugation, transformation, and transduction.

Question 14

Which of the following ecological interactions benefits both species involved?

Accepted Answer

Mutualism

Question 15

Which equation represents the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for genotype frequencies?

Accepted Answer

$$p^2 + 2pq$$ + $$q^2 = 1$

Question 16

Which of the following is a major difference between open and closed circulatory systems?

Accepted Answer

Closed systems have blood confined to vessels, while open systems allow blood to mix with body fluids.

Question 17

Which evolutionary theory did Lamarck propose that was later shown to be incorrect?

Accepted Answer

Inheritance of acquired characteristics

Question 18

Which of the following is a real-world example of a positive feedback loop?

Accepted Answer

Release of oxytocin during childbirth

Question 19

Which process in plants is responsible for the production of carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis

Question 20

Which of the following statements about meiosis and mitosis is correct?

Accepted Answer

Mitosis produces diploid cells, while meiosis produces haploid cells.

General Biology I: Comprehensive Course Review Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards