Question 1

Which of the following best describes the concept of 'Unity and Diversity of Life' in biology?

Accepted Answer

Living organisms are unified by common features such as DNA and cellular organization, but display diversity through adaptations to different environments.

Question 2

A scientist wants to test the effect of light intensity on plant growth. Which of the following is the best example of a hypothesis for this experiment?

Accepted Answer

If the light intensity increases, then the rate of plant growth will also increase.

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of a dependent variable in a biological experiment?

Accepted Answer

The height of the plants measured after two weeks.

Question 4

Which of the following correctly describes the difference between an atom and a molecule?

Accepted Answer

A molecule consists of two or more atoms chemically bonded together.

Question 5

Given the electron configuration for carbon ($1s^2 2s^2 2p^2$), how many valence electrons does carbon have?

Accepted Answer

4

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why water is a polar molecule?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen, causing an unequal sharing of electrons and a partial negative charge on oxygen.

Question 7

Which type of chemical bond is responsible for the emergent properties of water, such as cohesion and surface tension?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds

Question 8

A solution has a pH of 3. Which of the following statements is correct?

Accepted Answer

The solution is acidic and has a high concentration of hydrogen ions.

Question 9

Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating the pH of a solution?

Accepted Answer

$pH = -\log_{10}[H^+]$

Question 10

Which of the following best describes a dehydration reaction in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

A reaction that joins monomers to form polymers by removing a molecule of water.

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a major class of biomolecule found in cells?

Accepted Answer

Nucleotides

Question 12

Which of the following statements about DNA and RNA is correct?

Accepted Answer

DNA is usually double-stranded, while RNA is usually single-stranded.

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the function of the mitochondrion in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Energy production through cellular respiration

Question 14

A cell is observed to have a large central vacuole, a cell wall, and chloroplasts. Which type of cell is this most likely to be?

Accepted Answer

Plant cell

Question 15

Which of the following best explains the limitation of cell size due to the surface area-to-volume ratio?

Accepted Answer

As a cell increases in size, its volume increases faster than its surface area, making it harder for the cell to efficiently exchange materials with its environment.

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct example of a polymer and its monomer?

Accepted Answer

Nucleic acid and nucleotide

Question 17

Which of the following organelles is responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins for secretion?

Accepted Answer

Golgi apparatus

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the process of hydrolysis in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

Breaking down polymers into monomers by adding water.

Question 19

Which of the following statements about saturated and unsaturated fatty acids is correct?

Accepted Answer

Unsaturated fatty acids have one or more double bonds, causing kinks in their hydrocarbon chains.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the function of ribosomes in a cell?

Accepted Answer

Protein synthesis

General Biology I: Study Guide and Key Concepts

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards