Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a property attributed to living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Ability to photosynthesize

Question 2

Arrange the following levels of biological organization from smallest to largest: cell, ecosystem, population, organ.

Accepted Answer

Cell, organ, population, ecosystem

Question 3

In a scientific experiment testing the effect of fertilizer on plant growth, which is the independent variable?

Accepted Answer

Amount of fertilizer applied

Question 4

Which of the following best describes a hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A tentative explanation that can be tested

Question 5

Given an atom with atomic number $Z = 8$ and atomic mass $A = 16$, how many neutrons does it have?

Accepted Answer

8

Question 6

Which of the following statements about isotopes is correct?

Accepted Answer

Isotopes have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons

Question 7

Which type of chemical bond involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms?

Accepted Answer

Covalent bond

Question 8

A water molecule is polar because:

Accepted Answer

Oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen, creating a partial negative charge on oxygen

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why water has a high surface tension?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonding between water molecules

Question 10

What happens to the surface a liquid is in contact with when that liquid evaporates?

Accepted Answer

The surface cools down due to loss of high-energy molecules

Question 11

Which bonds must be broken to raise the temperature of water for water to evaporate?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds

Question 12

If the pH of a solution changes from 7.0 to 5.0, how much does the concentration of $[H^+]$ increase?

Accepted Answer

$100$ times

Question 13

Which of the following is a buffer?

Accepted Answer

A solution that resists changes in pH when acid or base is added

Question 14

Why is acidification a threat to water quality?

Accepted Answer

It can harm aquatic organisms by altering enzyme activity and disrupting biological processes

Question 15

Which functional group is represented by $-COOH$?

Accepted Answer

Carboxyl group

Question 16

Why is carbon considered a versatile molecule in organic chemistry?

Accepted Answer

It can form four covalent bonds with other atoms

Question 17

Which of the following is an isomer?

Accepted Answer

Compounds with the same molecular formula but different structures

Question 18

Which atom in a water molecule is more electronegative and thus attracts shared electrons more strongly?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen

Question 19

Which of the following is responsible for holding water molecules together in liquid water?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds

Question 20

Which of the following is a trace element essential for human health?

Accepted Answer

Iron

General Biology I: Study Guide for Exam 1 (Chapters 1–4)

Study Guide - Practice Questions