Question 1

Which subatomic particle determines the identity of an element?

Accepted Answer

Proton

Question 2

Based on the periodic table, what is the trend of electronegativity among elements?

Accepted Answer

Electronegativity increases from left to right and top to bottom of the table

Question 3

Which of the following best describes a covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

A bond formed by the sharing of two electrons between atoms

Question 4

What is required for a hydrogen bond to form between two molecules?

Accepted Answer

A hydrogen atom with a partial positive charge and a highly electronegative atom with a partial negative charge

Question 5

Which of the following molecules is most likely to be hydrophobic?

Accepted Answer

A molecule with many C-H bonds and few or no O or N atoms

Question 6

Which of the following is considered an inorganic molecule?

Accepted Answer

Water

Question 7

What is the main function of nucleic acids in cells?

Accepted Answer

Store, transmit, and express hereditary information

Question 8

Which of the following statements about DNA and RNA is correct?

Accepted Answer

DNA is more stable and contains deoxyribose sugar

Question 9

If a nucleic acid contains 32% thymine, what percent of the bases are guanine?

Accepted Answer

$$18\%$$

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles, prokaryotic cells do not

Question 11

Which of the following is a correct pairing of DNA bases?

Accepted Answer

Cytosine to Guanine

Question 12

Which process breaks down polymers into monomers using water?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why sodium chloride (NaCl) dissolves in water?

Accepted Answer

Water forms hydration shells around the ions due to its polarity

Question 14

Which of the following is a property of water that makes it essential for life?

Accepted Answer

It can form hydrogen bonds, making it a universal solvent

Question 15

Which of the following best describes a van der Waals interaction?

Accepted Answer

A weak attraction due to temporary partial charges in molecules

Question 16

Which of the following molecules is most likely to be soluble in water?

Accepted Answer

A molecule with several hydroxyl (–OH) groups

Question 17

Which of the following is a function of carbohydrates in cells?

Accepted Answer

Providing structural support as cellulose in plant cell walls

Question 18

Which of the following statements about amino acids is correct?

Accepted Answer

Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins

Question 19

Which of the following organelles is found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Ribosome

Question 20

A scientist discovers a new cell with DNA in the cytoplasm, no membrane-bound organelles, and a cell wall. Which type of cell is this most likely to be?

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotic cell

General Biology Midterm 1 Review: Matter, Chemical Bonds, Water, Macromolecules, and Cell Types

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