Question 1

Which of the following best explains why vascular plants were able to colonize land more successfully than non-vascular plants?

Accepted Answer

They developed specialized tissues (xylem and phloem) for transporting water and nutrients over long distances.

Question 2

A researcher is studying the movement of water from roots to leaves in a tall tree. Which equation best describes the water potential ($$\Psi) in $$plant cells?

Accepted Answer

$$\Psi = \Psi_s + \Psi_p$$

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a micronutrient required by plants?

Accepted Answer

Nitrogen (N)

Question 4

A plant is exposed to blue light on one side. Which hormone is primarily responsible for the bending of the stem toward the light source?

Accepted Answer

Auxin

Question 5

Which process is responsible for the movement of sugars from leaves to roots in a plant?

Accepted Answer

Source to sink transport via phloem

Question 6

A plant cell is placed in a solution with a lower solute concentration than its cytoplasm. What will most likely happen?

Accepted Answer

Water will enter the cell, causing it to become turgid.

Question 7

Which of the following statements about mosses is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Mosses have absorptive roots.

Question 8

Which equation correctly represents the process of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

$$6CO_2 + 6H_2O \rightarrow C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2$$

Question 9

Which of the following is a shared derived trait of angiosperms, gymnosperms, and ferns?

Accepted Answer

Alternation of generations

Question 10

A plant is deficient in magnesium. Which physiological process will be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Chlorophyll production and photosynthesis

Question 11

Which of the following statements about nitrogen-fixing bacteria is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

They convert atmospheric $$N_2$$ into ammonia ($$NH_3) $$usable by plants.

Question 12

Which hormone is involved in the closure of stomata during drought stress?

Accepted Answer

Abscisic acid

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a function of plasmodesmata in plant cells?

Accepted Answer

Allow transport through the apoplast

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a gymnosperm?

Accepted Answer

Fern

Question 15

Which of the following statements about transpiration is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

It generates positive pressure in the leaves.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT part of a plant's dry mass?

Accepted Answer

Water

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the difference between diffusion and active transport?

Accepted Answer

Diffusion: movement of solutes down a gradient; Active: movement of solutes against a gradient using energy

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a real-life application of plant hormones?

Accepted Answer

Abscisic acid is used to delay fruit ripening.

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct statement about double fertilization in angiosperms?

Accepted Answer

One sperm fertilizes the egg and a second sperm fertilizes the polar nuclei.

Question 20

Which of the following is a characteristic shared by all fungi?

Accepted Answer

They are heterotrophic.

General Biology: Plant Biology, Transport, and Physiology Study Guide

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