Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of xylem in vascular plants?

Accepted Answer

Transports water and minerals from the roots to the leaves.

Question 2

Diatoms are important members of aquatic ecosystems. What is their cell wall primarily composed of?

Accepted Answer

Silica (SiO$$_2)$$

Question 3

Which pigment is primarily responsible for photosynthesis in brown algae (Phaeophyta)?

Accepted Answer

Fucoxanthin

Question 4

A grape farmer covers the ground around grape vines with plastic sheeting and pumps a fungicide into the soil to combat pathogenic fungi. What is the most important concern with this practice?

Accepted Answer

The fungicide could harm beneficial soil fungi or bacteria essential for vine health.

Question 5

Which of the following is a major evolutionary advantage provided by the development of vascular tissue in plants?

Accepted Answer

Ability to transport water and nutrients efficiently, allowing colonization of land

Question 6

Which group of organisms includes red algae, green algae, and land plants, and is defined by a common ancestor that engulfed a cyanobacterium?

Accepted Answer

Archaeplastida

Question 7

Which of the following statements about the alternation of generations in plants is correct?

Accepted Answer

The gametophyte produces haploid gametes by mitosis, which fuse to form a diploid zygote.

Question 8

Which of the following is a characteristic unique to animals and not found in fungi?

Accepted Answer

Multicellularity with specialized tissues, nervous and muscular systems

Question 9

If a mycelium infiltrates an unexploited source of dead organic matter, what is most likely to appear within the food source soon thereafter?

Accepted Answer

Hyphae

Question 10

Which of the following is a function performed by the phloem in vascular plants?

Accepted Answer

Transporting sugars produced by photosynthesis from leaves to fruits

Question 11

Which of the following organisms is considered a protist?

Accepted Answer

Amoeba

Question 12

What is the main function of the cambium in plants?

Accepted Answer

Responsible for secondary growth, producing xylem and phloem

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the cell wall composition of fungi?

Accepted Answer

Chitin

Question 14

Which adaptation allows epiphytic plants to survive in nutrient-poor environments?

Accepted Answer

Absorbing water and minerals from rain through their leaves

Question 15

Which of the following is a similarity between bacteria and fungi?

Accepted Answer

Both decompose organic matter

Question 16

Which of the following is a proof of the endosymbiotic origin of chloroplasts and mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

They have their own mitochondrial DNA

Question 17

Which of the following is a characteristic of Bryophyta (mosses)?

Accepted Answer

They lack true roots, stems, and leaves, and rely on water for reproduction.

Question 18

Which of the following is the dominant life stage of seedless vascular plants?

Accepted Answer

Sporophyte

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the mutualistic relationship in lichens?

Accepted Answer

Between a fungus and a photosynthetic partner (alga or cyanobacterium)

Question 20

Which of the following is a function of stomata in plants?

Accepted Answer

Allowing CO$$_2 to $$enter for photosynthesis and releasing O$$_2$$

General Biology: Protists, Plants, Fungi, and Related Groups – Study Guide

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