Q: A solution has a pH of 3. What is the concentration of hydrogen ions $$[H^+] in $$this solution?

$$[H^+] = 1 \times 10$$^{-3}$$ \ \text{M}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the relationship between structure and function in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

Structure determines function, and changes in structure can lead to changes in function.

Question 2

Which level of biological organization is directly above 'organelles' and directly below 'cells'?

Accepted Answer

Molecules

Question 3

A scientist is studying the effect of temperature on enzyme activity. She measures enzyme activity at different temperatures and records the data. Which type of graph should she use to best represent this data?

Accepted Answer

Line graph

Question 4

Which of the following is an example of feedback regulation in the human body?

Accepted Answer

The body shivering to increase temperature when cold

Question 5

Which of the following statements about water is correct?

Accepted Answer

Water has a high specific heat due to hydrogen bonding.

Question 6

A solution has a pH of 3. What is the concentration of hydrogen ions $$[H^+] in $$this solution?

Accepted Answer

$$[H^+] = 1 	imes 10$$^{-3}$$ \ 	ext{M}$$

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why ice floats on water?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds in ice create a lattice that is less dense than liquid water.

Question 8

Which of the following is a correct statement about the central dogma of molecular biology?

Accepted Answer

DNA is transcribed into RNA, which is then translated into protein.

Question 9

Which of the following functional groups is found in all amino acids?

Accepted Answer

Carboxyl group

Question 10

A scientist wants to test the hypothesis that a new fertilizer increases plant growth. She sets up two groups of plants: one receives the fertilizer, and the other does not. What is the independent variable in this experiment?

Accepted Answer

The presence or absence of fertilizer

Question 11

Which of the following best describes a dehydration reaction?

Accepted Answer

A reaction that joins two monomers by removing a molecule of water

Question 12

Which of the following statements about phospholipids is correct?

Accepted Answer

Phospholipids have a hydrophilic head and two hydrophobic tails.

Question 13

Which of the following is a property of water that allows it to moderate temperature in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

High specific heat

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the role of ribosomes in the cell?

Accepted Answer

Ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis.

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct statement about the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles, while prokaryotic cells do not.

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why carbon is so important in biological molecules?

Accepted Answer

Carbon can form up to four covalent bonds, allowing for a diversity of stable structures.

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct statement about the primary structure of a protein?

Accepted Answer

It is the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain.

Question 18

Which of the following is a function of the Golgi apparatus in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Packaging and modifying proteins for transport

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the process of natural selection?

Accepted Answer

Individuals with traits better suited to the environment are more likely to survive and reproduce.

Question 20

Which of the following statements about experimental error is correct?

Accepted Answer

Experimental error can result from variables that are not being controlled for that might impact the dependent variable.

General Biology Semester 1 Final Study Guide: Chapters 1–6

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