Q: Which equation correctly represents the summary reaction for cellular respiration?

$C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2 \rightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + \text{energy}$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the Fluid-Mosaic Model of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

A dynamic structure where proteins and lipids move freely within a bilayer, allowing selective permeability.

Question 2

A red blood cell is placed in a hypotonic solution. What will most likely happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

It will swell and possibly burst as water enters the cell.

Question 3

Which of the following molecules can most easily diffuse through the cell membrane without the help of transport proteins?

Accepted Answer

O$_2$

Question 4

Which process requires energy input from the cell to move substances against their concentration gradient?

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Question 5

Which of the following is an example of an exergonic reaction in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis of ATP to ADP and P$_i$

Question 6

Which equation correctly represents the summary reaction for cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

$C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2 ightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + 	ext{energy}$

Question 7

During cellular respiration, which molecule is oxidized and which is reduced?

Accepted Answer

Glucose is oxidized; O$_2$ is reduced.

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the role of NAD$^+$ in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

It accepts electrons during redox reactions, becoming NADH.

Question 9

Which of the following is the correct summary equation for photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

$6CO_2 + 6H_2O \rightarrow C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2$

Question 10

Which pigment is primarily responsible for absorbing light energy during photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Chlorophyll a

Question 11

During the light reactions of photosynthesis, what is the main function of the electron transport chain?

Accepted Answer

To generate ATP and NADPH for use in the Calvin cycle

Question 12

Which of the following correctly matches the stage of mitosis with its main event?

Accepted Answer

Anaphase: Sister chromatids separate and move toward opposite poles.

Question 13

Which event during meiosis increases genetic variability in gametes?

Accepted Answer

Crossing over between homologous chromosomes

Question 14

A cell with a diploid number of 8 undergoes meiosis. How many chromosomes will each gamete contain?

Accepted Answer

4

Question 15

Which of the following is a possible consequence of non-disjunction during meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Production of gametes with abnormal chromosome numbers

Question 16

Which of the following best distinguishes cellular respiration from breathing?

Accepted Answer

Cellular respiration is a metabolic process that occurs in cells to produce ATP, while breathing is the physical movement of air into and out of the lungs.

Question 17

Which of the following is true about substrate-level phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

It involves the direct transfer of a phosphate group to ADP from a substrate.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the relationship between parent and daughter cells in asexual reproduction?

Accepted Answer

Daughter cells are genetically identical to the parent cell.

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a function of the enzyme ATP synthase?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolyzing glucose to release energy

General Biology Study Guide: Cell Structure, Metabolism, Respiration, Photosynthesis, and Cell Division

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